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Fill the Blank: The study of heat added to the conceptual innovations transforming the intellectual landscape of science in the nineteenth century. With his notion of caloric as a material substance Lavoisier had initiated a fruitful line of research in the measurement of heat. In his Analytical Theory of Heat (1822), Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) applied the calculus to the investigation of various modes of heat flow, but without pronouncing on the nature of heat. In 1824 the young French theorist Sadi Carnot (1796-1832) published his landmark tract, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire. In this work Carnot analyzed the workings of the steam engine and elaborated what we know as the Carnot cycle, which describes what happens in the cylinders of all heat engines. For us, his Motive Power of Fire has another telling importance. Carnot's became the first scientific investigation of the steam engine. By the time Carnot wrote, steam engines had been in use for more than 100 years, and the Industrial Revolution, propelled in large part by the application of steam power, was well under way in Europe. The case is precisely the opposite of the cliche of technology as applied science. Carnot's analysis of the steam engine provides the paradigm case, rather, of technology setting the agenda for scientific research. The most remarkable development in heat studies and, indeed, in all of the physical sciences in the nineteenth century - was the creation of an entirely new theoretical discipline................ which unified the sciences of ............. and............

Fill the Blank: The study of heat added to the conceptual innovations transforming the intellectual landscape of science in the nineteenth century. With his notion of caloric as a material substance Lavoisier had initiated a fruitful line of research in the measurement of heat. In his Analytical Theory of Heat (1822), Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) applied the calculus to the investigation of various modes of heat flow, but without pronouncing on the nature of heat. In 1824 the young French theorist Sadi Carnot (1796-1832) published his landmark tract, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire. In this work Carnot analyzed the workings of the steam engine and elaborated what we know as the Carnot cycle, which describes what happens in the cylinders of all heat engines. For us, his Motive Power of Fire has another telling importance. Carnot's became the first scientific investigation of the steam engine. By the time Carnot wrote, steam engines had been in use for more than 100 years, and the Industrial Revolution, propelled in large part by the application of steam power, was well under way in Europe. The case is precisely the opposite of the cliche of technology as applied science. Carnot's analysis of the steam engine provides the paradigm case, rather, of technology setting the agenda for scientific research. The most remarkable development in heat studies and, indeed, in all of the physical sciences in the nineteenth century - was the creation of an entirely new theoretical discipline................ which unified the sciences of ............. and............

Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Chapter20: The Kinetic Theory Of Gases
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 37AP: The latent heat of vaporization for water at room temperature is 2 430 J/g. Consider one particular...
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Fill the Blank: The study of heat added to the conceptual innovations transforming the intellectual landscape of science in the nineteenth century. With his notion of caloric as a material substance Lavoisier had initiated a fruitful line of research in the measurement of heat. In his Analytical Theory of Heat (1822), Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) applied the calculus to the investigation of various modes of heat flow, but without pronouncing on the nature of heat. In 1824 the young French theorist Sadi Carnot (1796-1832) published his landmark tract, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire. In this work Carnot analyzed the workings of the steam engine and elaborated what we know as the Carnot cycle, which describes what happens in the cylinders of all heat engines. For us, his Motive Power of Fire has another telling importance. Carnot's became the first scientific investigation of the steam engine. By the time Carnot wrote, steam engines had been in use for more than 100 years, and the Industrial Revolution, propelled in large part by the application of steam power, was well under way in Europe. The case is precisely the opposite of the cliche of technology as applied science. Carnot's analysis of the steam engine provides the paradigm case, rather, of technology setting the agenda for scientific research. The most remarkable development in heat studies - and, indeed, in all of the physical sciences in the nineteenth century - was the creation of an entirely new theoretical discipline,.,............... which unified the sciences of ............. and ..... O photoelectricity, optics, electricity O thermo-electricity, heat, motion O thermodynamics, heat, motion O electromagnetism, electricity, magnetism
Transcribed Image Text:Fill the Blank: The study of heat added to the conceptual innovations transforming the intellectual landscape of science in the nineteenth century. With his notion of caloric as a material substance Lavoisier had initiated a fruitful line of research in the measurement of heat. In his Analytical Theory of Heat (1822), Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) applied the calculus to the investigation of various modes of heat flow, but without pronouncing on the nature of heat. In 1824 the young French theorist Sadi Carnot (1796-1832) published his landmark tract, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire. In this work Carnot analyzed the workings of the steam engine and elaborated what we know as the Carnot cycle, which describes what happens in the cylinders of all heat engines. For us, his Motive Power of Fire has another telling importance. Carnot's became the first scientific investigation of the steam engine. By the time Carnot wrote, steam engines had been in use for more than 100 years, and the Industrial Revolution, propelled in large part by the application of steam power, was well under way in Europe. The case is precisely the opposite of the cliche of technology as applied science. Carnot's analysis of the steam engine provides the paradigm case, rather, of technology setting the agenda for scientific research. The most remarkable development in heat studies - and, indeed, in all of the physical sciences in the nineteenth century - was the creation of an entirely new theoretical discipline,.,............... which unified the sciences of ............. and ..... O photoelectricity, optics, electricity O thermo-electricity, heat, motion O thermodynamics, heat, motion O electromagnetism, electricity, magnetism
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