Glycolipids: What are the similarities and differences in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids, GPI anchors and N-linked glycans?

Q: Explain Cholesterol biosynthetic pathway.

A: Cholesterol levels in the body are found from 2 major sources:Dietary intake and the process of…

Q: disease. As such, a frontline treatment for Type 2 diabetes is the drug metformin, which acts…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions, we are answering the first…

Q: Explain the structure of Human muscle fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolas complexed with fructose…

A: Introduction: Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate aldolase is a ubiquitous cytosolic enzyme involved in the…

Q: What are the biochemical functions of VLDL (Very-low density lipoproteins) and HDL (high density…

A: VLDL and HDL are the types of the lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are classified on the basis of its…

Q: a) List and draw the structure of this coenzyme. Which of the coenzymes required by the PDH does…

A: The given molecular analogue name is Thiamine thiazolone pyrophosphate. It is a transition state…

Q: In metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)can be used for glycogen synthesis or for glycolysis, among…

A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…

Q: Glycogen is highly branched. What advantage, if any, does this provide an animal?

A: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose. When there is an excess amount of glucose in the blood it is…

Q: Trace the pathway of [14C]bicarbonate through gluconeogenesis. Use an asterisk to indicate the…

A: Gluconeogenesis: this is essentially the opposite of glycolysis where pyruvate is converted back…

Q: From what fatty acid are most of the eicosanoids derived?List several medical conditions in which…

A: Eicosanoids are signaling molecules that are produced via enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated…

Q: Calculate the amount of ATP generated from the total oxidation of an unactivated polyunsaturated C21…

A: Metabolism incorporates biosynthesis/reduction (an anabolic interaction) and oxidation (catabolic…

Q: Determine the number of moles of ATP that can be generated from the fatty acids in 1 mol of…

A: 1 mol of Tristearin produces 3 moles of Strearic acid which is saturated fatty acids. The number of…

Q: Structural Formula of the Enzyme, activator and Structural formula of the product reversible or…

A: By gluconeogenesis, organisms produce sugars (particularly glucose) from non-carbohydrate sources…

Q: Explain the biochemical importance of the components of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway.

A: Cholesterol levels in the body is found from 2 major sources: Dietary intake and the process of…

Q: Phosphopentose isomerase interconverts the aldose ribose 5-phosphate and the ketose ribulose…

A: the reaction is the part of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway this is the last…

Q: Determine the number of moles of ATP that can be generated from the fatty acids in 1 mol of…

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids that contain a long aliphatic chain that could be either branched…

Q: Lactase is an enzyme that is responsible for hydrolyzing the covalent bond that holds galactose and…

A: Lactase is enzyme which break down the substrate lactose into glucose and galactose by hydrolyzing…

Q: Glycogen phosphorylase is the regulatory enzyme in glycogen degradation. Using the diagram,…

A: Glucose is stored in the body in the form of glycogen primarily in the liver. Whenever glucose is…

Q: feedback inhibition. Which step must be inhibited to regulate cholesterol synthesis?

A: The question is about the biomolecule synthesis, i.e cholesterol. What are the steps required for…

Q: 3. Triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI) catalyzes the movement of a single proton to interconvert dihy-…

A: Introduction The payoff phase is the energy generation phase in which two molecules of…

Q: Using the word anomeric carbon, “acceptor” nucleophilic substrate, and activated “donor”, describe…

A: In polysaccharides the monosaccharide units are linked by glycosidic linkages.

Q: Glucokinase acts as a glucose sensor in hepatocytes (livercells), a- and b-cells in the pancreas,…

A: Glucose homeostasis is an essential physiological state in which the glucose levels in the body is…

Q: Calculate the total amount of ATP that can be made from a single molecule of Histidine. Provide a…

A: Glycine is formed by the pathway of theronine catabolism , that is it must bind the Hydroxymethyl…

Q: Explain how glycogen phosphorylase iscontrolled allosterically and by covalent modification.

A: Glycogen is a polymer of glucose monomer and is the principal storage form of carbohydrates. It…

Q: Considering the fatty acids: (a) Arachidic acid (C20H40O2); molar mass = 312.5 g/mol) (b)…

A: Beta oxidation is a catabolic process that occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes in order to…

Q: Wtite down the beta-oxidation pathway for a 20:0 fatty acid and how many ATP will be produced from…

A: Most fatty acids are degraded by sequential removal of two-carbon fragments from the carboxyl…

Q: Explain what is meant by the term, “high energy compound”. Name a thioester molecule that is…

A: “Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Describe the bimolecular pathway for fatty acid synthesis. Include all catalytic domains and the…

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Q: Calculations based on the volume of a glucose residue and the branchingpattern of cellular glycogen…

A: Glycogen is a vital highly branched polymer of glucose that is essential for blood glucose…

Q: Chapter : Lipid Metabolism "It has been proposed that malonyl CoA may be one of the signals sent to…

A: Fatty Acid synthase (FAS) is a multifunctional enzyme that supports in hydrolyzing the fatty acid…

Q: ATP ACCOUNTING, Provide what is being asked for. Show all relevant calculations and summarize your…

A: Hydrolization of lactose gives the galactose and glucose moieties. Galactose is converted to…

Q: . Avidin is a protein that binds extremely tightly to biotin, so avidin is a potent inhibitor of…

A: The synthesis of glucose from various precursors in the body is called gluconeogenesis. Glucose is…

Q: Lysozyme’s use of aspartic acid and glutamic acid, to break the glycosidic bonds of the eubacterial…

A: The eubacterial cell wall is composed of the peptidoglycan which is a giant molecule surrounding the…

Q: In your own words, what is the relevance of the pentose phosphate pathway? a comprehensive…

A: The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), also known as the pentose phosphate shunt, is an important part…

Q: Identify each of the following biomolecules. Explain the function of each in biochemical processes.…

A: Biomolecules are macromolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen…

Q: With the aid of the simple generic diagram, identify and explain how the type of chemical bonding…

A: An alpha helix is a periodic secondary structure in proteins. This secondary structure is stabilized…

Q: Provide an explanation for the intracellular separation of fatty acid biosynthesis (cytoplasm) and…

A: Introduction: Lipids play an important role in the formation and function of the cell.

Q: using specific examples explain the biochemical significance of saturated and unsaturated fatty…

A: Our body needs energy for the proper functioning of all the organs and to sustain the metabolic…

Q: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry How can a ketogenic diet affect decrease LDL and increase HDL?…

A: Asked : Ketogenic diet affect decrease LDL and increase HDL

Q: Compare between oxaloacetate fates Add equations and Structures too

A: Gluconeogenesis and citric acid cycle occurs in mitochondria.

Q: Is the statement during fatty acid biosynthesis, the product detaches from fatty acid synthase…

A: Fatty acid biosynthesis is the metabolic process that involves in synthesis of long-chain fatty acid…

Q: Malonyl-ACP is a precursor in fatty acid synthesis in the acyl carrier protein pathway. Draw the…

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the formation of fatty acids from acetyl co A and NADH using fatty acid…

Q: High blood levels of triacylglycerides are associated with heart attacks and strokes. Clofibrate, a…

A: The high level of triglycerides, the LDL (Low-density lipoprotein), and VLDL(very low density…

Q: Explain the primary, secondary, tetriary and quaternary structure of glutathione reductase

A: Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. They have four levels of structural organizations- Primary…

Q: "Match the gluconeogenic precursor to the type of reaction(s) that bring it to gluconeogenesis as…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from a non-carbohydrate source. The precursors for…

Q: Explain the role and functioning of chaperone proteins. Explain, why several chaperones…

A: Introduction :- Proteins called chaperones direct other proteins along the correct folding paths.…

Q: Give the general equation for fatty acid biosynthesis.

A: The simplest form of lipid is fatty acids that are a long chain of hydrocarbons and…

Q: Proline betaine is a putative osmoprotectant in plants and bacteria, helping to prevent dehydration…

A: Introduction- Proline betaine is defined as an amino acid betaine two hydrogen ions are attached…

Q: Briefly explain the malate-aspartate shuttle. Distinguish between this shuttle with the glycerol…

A: The electrons produced during a biochemical pathway are allowed to move across the membrane for…

Q: Most individuals with genetic defects in oxidative phosphorylation are found to have relatively high…

A: Genetic defects in the oxidative phosphorylation are known to reduce the synthesis of ATP, which…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.