how are okazaki fragments created?

Q: What is a poor transformation efficiency?

A: Transformation is a natural phenomenon mostly observe in many bacteria. It is dependent on the…

Q: How are dideoxynucleotide triphosphates utilized in sequencing?

A: DNA is the genetic substance of all creatures. It is a double-helical structure made up of two…

Q: What are frameshift mutations?

A: Mutations are the alternation or the changes that occur in the DNA. They are variations in codons…

Q: What is Simple sequence repeat?

A: The genome of every individual contains millions of genetic variation or variants which make each…

Q: What is B-form DNA?

A: DNA is the main constituent of the chromosome. It contains all information about protein that forms…

Q: Briefly explain the frameshift mutation ?

A: Mutation can be defined as the change that occurs in the DNA sequence which is caused by mistake or…

Q: How was the first Copy Cat was cloned from a kitten?

A: Cloning is the practice of creating organisms, either spontaneously or intentionally, with similar…

Q: What is the transformation?

A: Transformation and selection of microbes are key advances in DNA cloning. DNA cloning is the way…

Q: Why is the term “proteome” ambiguous, whereas the term“genome” is not?

A: The proteins are the essential part of living organisms and it consists of thousands of smaller…

Q: Why did we obtain the sequence from the forward primers separate from the reverse primer?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that passes genetic information from one…

Q: What is a retromer?

A: Cell surface receptor are the receptor that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. They act…

Q: what is a palindromic sequence?

A: If a nucleic acid sequence in a double stranded DNA or RNA molecule is read in a particular…

Q: Define the Okazaki fragments ?

A: The biochemical molecule that is built up with two polynucleotide chains is called DNA…

Q: What are repetitive sequences ?

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: How did Kornberg assess the fidelity of DNA polymerase I in copying a DNA template?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a particle made out of two polynucleotide chains that loop around one…

Q: How were the specific sequences of triplet codes determined experimentally?

A: The DNA genetic code comprises a set of rules and instructions to obtain proteins and molecules…

Q: What is the difference between isoschizomer and neoschizomer?

A:

Q: does Sanger sequencing still used?

A: Sanger sequencing is a first generation DNA sequencing method. Despite the advantage of next…

Q: What is oligonucleotide microarray?

A: An array is an orderly arrangement of samples where matching of known and unknown DNA samples is…

Q: What types of sequences do eukaryote genomes have and how do these sequences differ from prokaryotic…

A: Eukaryotic genome : - they contain one or more linear DNA chromosomes. - in nucleus, they have…

Q: What is the likely consequence of a frameshift mutation?

A: A mutation occurs/happens when the sequence/structure of DNA is altered. Mutations can occur as a…

Q: What is a restriction fragment?

A: A restriction fragment can be defined as the amount of  DNA fragment which occurs due to the cutting…

Q: What are molecular chaperones and why are they necessary?

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: How are different variable region sequences generated?

A: Ans: The variable regions of the antibody have two chains heavy and light chains. They form a part…

Q: What are contiguous fragments ?

A: Using complementary sequences that have been synthesised & combined to create a mixture of…

Q: What is 15q?

A: Chromosomes are the DNA molecules with a portion or all of the genetic material of the organisms.…

Q: What is the Kozak Sequence?

A: A small amino acid sequence act as an initiation sequence and binds to the mRNA in order to start…

Q: What are base analogs and why are they mutagenic?

A: Introduction :- A mutagen is a substance that can cause DNA mutations by chemical or physical means.…

Q: What are DNA methyltransferases (DNMTS) ?

A: Enzymes are protein molecules that aid in increasing the rate of metabolism and chemical reactions…

Q: Is the DNA soluble in the aqueous solution or alcohol?

A: Solubility of the substance depends on molecular polarity. Polar molecules are hydrophilic…

Q: What is Kozak sequence ? who invented this ?

A: Introduction  The process of transcribing the mRNA into protein is called Translation. There are 3…

Q: What is a good transformation efficiency?

A: Transformation is a common phenomenon in microbes like bacteria and results in genetic alteration of…

Q: What is CRISPR?

A: Introduction  Bacteria and viruses are tough competitor to each other, in order to overcome each…

Q: What is barcode sequence?

A: DNA is the genetic material that carries genetic information in the form of coded nucleotide…

Q: What are frame-shift insertion?

A: Mutations are changes that occurs in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence, either due to…

Q: What are DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) ?

A: Enzymes are referred to as the molecules of proteins that help in increasing the metabolism rate and…

Q: What factors could explain a transformation efficiency?

A: Transformation efficiency is the efficiency with which a bacterial cell can take up the…

Q: What is RNA primer?

A: The nucleic acid is a nucleotides chain that stores genetic information. It forms RNA and DNA that…

Q: Approximately how many Okazaki fragments are synthesized in thereplication of the human genome?

A: Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides, which is synthesized during replication…

Q: What is the radioactive decay process of Isotype IgA?

A: Immunoglobulins are glycoprotein molecules, which are produced by the plasma cells. They act as a…

Q: What is limiting similarity?

A: Ecology  It is the branch of biological science which study about the interaction between living and…

Q: Where are the divisions between fragments? # of fragments? # of base pairs in each fragment?

A: Each restriction enzyme recognises a specific recognition site in the DNA. They will cut the DNA at…

Q: How many base pairs are changed in the sickle cell mutation?

A: in sickle-cell anemia, the gene for beta globin is mutated. As a result the mutated protein is…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.