How does salt, sugar and caffeine affect urine volume?

Q: What are the pigments usually in urine? How are these pigments formed?

A: Urine is excreted out of the body; it is formed in the kidneys.  The normal volume of urine in 24…

Q: What constituent of urine precipitate under alkaline condition? Acidic condition?

A: Normal urine is found to be pale yellow in color and has an aromatic odor. The chemical composition…

Q: The basement membrane of the glomerulus is composed of glycoproteins and ___ and it restricts the…

A: Glomerulus is the capillary tuft present inside the Bowman's capsule. The process of ultrafiltration…

Q: Summarize the Vasopressin Control of Urine Volume?

A: Vasopressin is also called an anti-diuretic hormone. This hormone is produced as peptide prohormone…

Q: If blood pressure drops in a patient in shock as a resultof a severe injury, how would you expect…

A: The blood pressure in the human body is considered the force exerted by the blood on the wall of the…

Q: A marine shark is spotted swimming in fresh water. How might this shark’s kidney function be…

A: Function of Kidney in Marine Sharks • The kidneys excrete excess water in the form of urine. This…

Q: Which portions of the renal tubule and collecting duct reabsorb more solutes than water to produce…

A: RENAL TUBULE:           The phrase 'Renal' refers to the kidney, in which a small tube comprises of…

Q: explain how the collecting duct and antidiuretic hormoneregulate the volume and concentration of…

A: Kidneys are the pair of bean shaped red color organs that are the crucial part of the excretory…

Q: Under what condition do the kidneys produce dilute urine?

A: The concentrated urine means there are more solutes present and less water in the sample. The…

Q: If the urinary excretion rate of a drug such as penicillin is greater than the rate at which it is…

A: The primary route of excretion by which a human body eliminate substances is via kidneys. The…

Q: Decreased osmolarity in the renal interstitium and vasa recta results in - (Mark Two) decreased…

A: The regulation of water concentration in the body is mediated by a hormone called vasoppresin or ADH…

Q: foods or substances that can change the volume of a normal urine?

A: Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in many animals  and in humans. The path of urine flow is…

Q: How Did The Addition Of Aldosterone Affect Urine Volume(compared with baseline)? Can the…

A: Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is responsible for the regulation of salt and water balance of…

Q: A student ate a full bag of salted potato chips but drank no liquids. What effect did this have on…

A: Dehydration happens as the body uses or loses more blood than it takes in, and the body is unable to…

Q: Describe the effect of ADH on renal collecting tubules

A: Renal collecting tubules comprises of different tubular parts of the nephrotic system or kidney that…

Q: Explain the Forces involved in glomerular filtration?

A: the factors which affect glomerular filtration: Both glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and…

Q: Define the function of Ureters ? Why it is major part of the Urinary System ?

A: Animal Physiology and Human Anatomy are two important branches of science that study the form and…

Q: What are the three basic renal processes that lead to the formation of urine?

A: Kidneys are prime excretory organs. They filter blood and form about 1.5 lt of urine daily this…

Q: Describe how the renal tubule and collecting ducts produce dilute and concentrated urine.

A: Ans: The renal tubule and collecting ducts are functional parts of the kidney which are involved in…

Q: In which of the steps of urine formation substances move from the filtrate of the tubule into the…

A: NOTE: AS PER OUR GUIDELINES WE ARE ONLY SUPPOSED TO ANSWER THE FIRST QUESTION PLEASE RESUBMIT THE…

Q: If the epithelial cells of the glomeruli were unusually leaky, what impact on the filtrate and urine…

A: Two kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder and one urethra make up the human excretory system.…

Q: Is it accurate to describe the mucosa of the ureter as star shaped?

A: The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. There are two…

Q: Of the three processes – filtration, reabsorption, secretion – which is (are) accomplished by a…

A: The kidneys are organs of the urinary system in vertebrates. A kidney is formed of tiny units termed…

Q: How do the bladder and urethra function in urine regulation?

A: In the urinary system, blood is filtered and urine is formed as a waste by-product. A urinary system…

Q: Explain what happens to urine flow rate, specific gravity and urinary excretion of chloride in each…

A: The intake is isotonic which means the osmolarity of the intake fluid is the same as the osmolarity…

Q: What sets the concentration gradient for solute reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule

A: Proximal convoluted tubule is the part of nephron where solute reabsorption takes place, it plays a…

Q: Why is creatinine clearance a good estimate of glomerular filtration rate?

A: Creatinine is the chemical compound that is left behind after the energy producing cells in the…

Q: Explain how the kidneys are responsible for the regulation of blood pressure in the human body?

A: Kidneys are small bean-shaped organs present in the abdominal cavity, these areapproximately 6 cm…

Q: Harry is doing yard work one hot summer day and refuses to drink anything until he is finished. He…

A: Sweat is secreted by sweat glands. Sweating is a mechanism used by the human body to regulate body…

Q: List the three processes involved in the formation of urine in order. 1. tubular secretion; 2.…

A: The kidneys filter toxins and excess water from the blood and aid in the regulation of substances…

Q: Fluid is now at the end of the nephron tubule system and is now called the what at its final form?

A: The fluid that is present inside the tubules is formed by the glomerular filtration mechanism and…

Q: What happens to urine concentration and volume when a person is dehydrated? (Please explain what…

A: Introduction :- Dehydration occurs when your body does not have enough water. The most effective way…

Q: Describe how each of the following works to regulate reabsorption and secretion, so as to affect…

A: The renal function of the kidney to filter the blood of metabolic waste products involves three…

Q: How is amount of urine produced regulated?

A: The nephron is a structural and functional tissue unit of the excretory system. There are about…

Q: What condition could cause the bloodstream to be hypertonic relative to the nephron?

A: Hypertonic blood means that blood concentration is higher than the surrounding solution.Kidney and…

Q: What is the relationship between the amount of sodium ions in the blood and nephron function, urine…

A: Introduction Sodium is an electrolyte, which are minerals that the body need in relatively large…

Q: Why is protein in the urine a sign of kidney damage? What structures in the kidney are probably…

A: The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that primarily function in glomerular filtration. The nephrons…

Q: Why is albumin not normally present in the urine?

A: Answer:-Albumin is a protein found in the blood. A healthy kidney doesn't let albumin pass from the…

Q: What happens during tubular reabsorption? Which part of the renal tubule is primarily involved in…

A: Tubular reabsorption is associated with re-entering of water, glucose, potassium and amino acids…

Q: Using knowledge of nephron function, how would blocking Na+ transport help to reduce blood pressure…

A: The nephron is the minute or microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney. It is…

Q: If we denote directly proportional with "D" and inversely proportional with "I", the best answer for…

A: Kidney excretion is affected by many factors. Some factors increase kidney toxicant excretion and…

Q: What is the pathway of the “filtrate?” Bowman’s Capsule è Urinary Bladder

A: The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It eliminates waste from…

Q: In healthy adult ,the initial filtrate in kidney is about what?

A: Kidney is the excretory organ that removes waste products and excessive water from the body through…

Q: What is the function of NaCl in urine formation?

A: Urinary system involves in the clearing or filtering the blood and ridding of wastes that produced…

Q: What is net filtration pressure and how is it associated with filtration? Explain the 3 forces…

A: Glomerular filtration is the first step in making urine. This process is used by the kidneys to…

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the path of fluid flow in the kidney?

A: The filtrate after filtration in the bowman's capsule present in the cortical part of a nephron of…