How many moles of ATP could theoretically be synthesized under standard conditions using the energy of the photons in red light (λ = 700 nm).
Q: Phosphocreatine (G0ʹ = -43.1 kJ/mol) has a higher phosphoryl group transfer potential than ATP…
A: Hi! Since you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which to answer, we shall answer…
Q: Under standard conditions, NADH reoxidation by the electron-transport chain has a free-energy change…
A: ADP + Pi → ATP G= + 30.66 KJ /mol By the electron transport chain, NADH reoxidation has a free…
Q: Assuming that the human body has 4 X 10" cells and that ATP is being used at a rate of 10° ATP per…
A: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the biomolecule that is considered the energy currency of the cells.…
Q: Examine the reaction below. Using the table of standard state free energies provided: A) Calculate…
A: In the given reaction, two processes occur: 1. Reverse of hydrolysis of phosphoenolpyruvate…
Q: Why might a general ATP-binding inhibitor be a bad idea? Was this a problem with the drug that was…
A: Background information about ATP ATP is chemically Adenosine-Tri-phosphate means it is formed of…
Q: Account for the number of ATPs produced when other monosaccharides like galactose, fructose, and…
A: In most organism hexoses other than glucose can undergo glycolysis after conversion to a…
Q: For each Pi released, the typical free energy of hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is…
A: The live cell's energy currency is ATP. It's the molecule that connects catabolism with anabolism.…
Q: The phosphoanhydride bond that links two phosphate groups in ATP in a high-energy linkage has a ΔG°…
A: ATP is the primary source of energy of the cell. ATP is made up of an adenosine bound to three…
Q: or 41. Why are ATP's phosphoanhydride bonds high energy? Why is ATP hydrolysis to be so favorable?
A:
Q: Calculate the number of molecules of ATP formed by the complete catabolism of palmitic acid, shown…
A: Introduction: Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common…
Q: Please answer both parts A.Phosphate-containing compounds, such as ATP, are considered “high-energy”…
A: ATP is the energy currency of the living cells. It is a link between anabolism and catabolism. ATP…
Q: Calculate the standard-state free energy change for the isomerization of glucose-1-phosphate to…
A: Introduction: The isomerization of glucose 1-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate is catalyzed by the…
Q: What are carotenoids, xanthophylls, rectinol, retinal, 11-cis-retinal and retinoic acid?
A: Vitamins are an essential molecule that helps in growth and development. They are required in…
Q: (a) Draw an activation energy diagram for this reaction under catalyzed and uncatalyzed conditions…
A: (a)
Q: Explain why the coupled reaction ATP → ADP + Pi in the P-class ion pump mechanism does not involve…
A: Coupled reaction of ATP → ADP + Pi is the coupling of exergonic reaction which is through hydrolysis…
Q: Why is the consumption of vitamin C as an antioxidant expected to donate its own electrons to free…
A: Vitamin C or ascorbic acid acts as an antioxidant and helps in scavenging free radicals in the cell…
Q: "Bacterial cells are often represented by the chemical formula C5H7NO2. Compute the theoretical…
A: The carbonaceous oxygen demand is also represented as the BOD or the biochemical oxygen demand from…
Q: What is free energy? What is its symbol? 2. For an exergonic reaction, what is the value of △G? 3.…
A: There are various reactions taking place inside a cell. The biochemical reactions in the cells can…
Q: What pH Would be needed to have the max activity rate of both chymotrypsin and arginase in the same…
A: Every enzyme has an optimum pH at which it works properly. Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme that…
Q: One of the following is most accurate about relative redox potential of different electron carriers.…
A: Electron carriers are molecule that is capable of accepting one or more electrons (acceptor) from…
Q: ATP Synthase is known to catalyze the synthesis of ATP with a ΔG°’ close to zero, and a Keq' close…
A:
Q: Iculate the actual, physiological deltaG for the reaction Phosphocreatine + ADP > creatine + ATP at…
A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: Suppose ribulose-5-phosphate, labeled with 14C in carbon 1, is used as the substrate in dark…
A: Calvin cycle or the light-independent or dark reaction, the second stage of the photosynthesis…
Q: Calculate the standard free energy change for the following reaction: 3-PG + ATP ---> 1,3-BPG + ADP…
A: Glycolysis or EMP pathway is the common step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Glycolysis…
Q: The cleavage of ATP’s phosphoanhydride bond to form ADP yields approximately _____________ kJ/mol.
A: Phosphoanhydride bonds are the high energy bonds present in the three phosphate groups of the ATP…
Q: a. Calculate the Km and Vmax of the reaction b. A competitive inhibitor is added to the reaction at…
A: Enzyme kinetics is used to study the rates of enzyme catalyzed biochemical reactions. We can observe…
Q: AG for the hydrolysis of ATP is -30.5 kJ/mol. What effect will the tripling of ATP concentration…
A: Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) provides energy for various cellular processes. ATP breaks into ADP and…
Q: Both oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylationtrap energy in high-energy bonds. How are…
A: Most of the free energy released during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is retained in the reduced…
Q: Components of ETC involved in redox reactions are organised from high energy to low energy”. Explain…
A: When a change in oxidation number occurs in a reaction, with both an increase in number and a…
Q: Suppose ribulose-5-phosphate, labeled with "C in carbon 1, is used as the substrate in dark…
A: The dark reaction is the second stage of photosynthesis, during which the ATP and NADH are used to…
Q: Crystals of phosphorylase a grown in the presence of glucose shatter when a substrate such as…
A: Glycogen phosphorylases are the enzymes that represent a crucial component of carbohydrate…
Q: What is the relationships between Kcat and that of stability. How is Kcat related to activation…
A: Kcat is the turnover number that is defined by the number of times each enzyme site converts the…
Q: A critical reaction in the production of energy to do work or drive chemical reactions in biological…
A: ATP is an organic compound made of adenine, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphates. In living cells, ATP…
Q: Y Explain and show why phosphoenolpyruvateis a high-energy compound.
A: All cellular processes need energy to proceed. The body produces short term energy rich molecules,…
Q: The molar absorption coefficient of cytochrome P450. an enzyme involved in the breakdown of harmful…
A: The Beer-Lambert law is a relationship between the attenuation of light through a substance and the…
Q: What is reverse electron flow and why is it necessary? Whichphototrophs need to use reverse electron…
A: In living organisms the cyclic electronic reactions are responsible for generating the energy for…
Q: Question attached
A: The photons are referred to as the elementary particles that have the role of serving as a quantum…
Q: If palmitic acid is subjected to complete combustion in a bomb calorimeter, one can calculate a…
A: The oxidation of the palmitic acid produces 8 acetyl Co-A + 7FADH2 + 7NADH in 7 cycles of the…
Q: Show MATHEMATICAL calculations on how one molecule of glutamine can produce approximately 24…
A: When Cell faces energy crisis, it uses amino acids as a source of energy as follows : Glutamine as…
Q: The significance of the ATP molecule shown is best explained by which statement below? *
A: As ATP is used for energy, a phosphate group or two are detached, and either ADP or AMP is produced.…
Q: The standard free energy of hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is about −20 kJ/mol for…
A: ATP is the energy currency of the living cell. It is the chemical link between the catabolism and…
Q: Convert the following reactions into "Metabolic Engineering" notation: a. C6H1206 + 2 H20 → 2 C2H60…
A: A set of metabolic reactions and processes involving the conversion of chemical energy into ADP is…
Q: The total energy in linoleic acid is 2,520 kcal/mol and the total amount of ATP that can be…
A: Introduction: Linolenic acid is a type of fatty acid. Linolenate (in the form of esters of linolenic…
Q: Suppose that a bacterial reaction center containing only the special pair and the quinones has been…
A: Only the special pair of the bacterial reaction center contains and the quinones have been prepared.…
Q: Provide at least 3 chemical equations with a given activation energy and frequency factor.…
A: With respect to most chemical reactions for example enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the rate of a…
Q: Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? O Hydrolysis increases entropy through a gain in the…
A: ATP hydrolysis is a catabolic process in which the high-energy compound Adenosine triphosphate…
Q: Calculate the standard free energy for creatine-phosphate hydrolysis in a cell where [creatine-P]=3…
A: Creatine phosphate (CP) is the phosphorylated creatine molecule which serves as a rapidly…
Q: A reaction in an anabolic pathway is found to have a large negative Gibbs Free energy. How likely is…
A: Gibbs free energy is basically defined as the amount of work done in the thermodynamic process when…
Q: ATP Synthase is known to catalyze the synthesis of ATP with a ΔG°’ close to zero, and a Keq' close…
A: The F1/F0 ATP synthase catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP coupled with the movement of protons…
How many moles of ATP could theoretically be synthesized under standard conditions using the energy of the photons in red light (λ = 700 nm).
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Why is the consumption of vitamin C as an antioxidant expected to donate its own electrons to free radicals?Explain the process and illustrate it, do it with physicochemical supportsIf the Go for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is 7.3 kcal/mole, and the Go for glutamine synthesis from glutamic acid and NH3 is +3.4 kcal/mole, calculate the average Go for coupling these two reactions (glutamic acid + NH3 + ATP glutamine + ADP + inorganic phosphateFor the mitochondrial membrane described in pic, how many protons must be transported to provide enough free energy for the synthesis of 1 mol of ATP (assuming standard biochemical conditions)?
- Phosphocreatine (G0ʹ = -43.1 kJ/mol) has a higher phosphoryl group transfer potential than ATP (G0ʹ = -30.5 kJ/mol). However, under certain physiological conditions, phosphoryl group is transferred from ATP to creatine. Explain this discrepancy. Many biochemical conversions are carried out via multi-step pathways although similar conversions can be done in an organic chemistry lab in fewer steps. Explain why energetically it is reasonable to use multiple steps in biochemical conversions. What are isozymes? Humans contain several isozymes of hexokinase. Why does the body need several isozymes of hexokinase? 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is used to produce ATP. Which of the two phosphates of 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate is transferred to ADP to make ATP. Explain why it is this specific phosphate and not the other one. Triose phosphate isomerase is a diffusion-controlled enzyme. What reaction is catalyzed by this enzyme (structures of molecules not needed)? Explain why…ATP Synthase is known to catalyze the synthesis of ATP with a ΔG°’ close to zero, and a Keq' close to 1. Why is the value of ΔG°’ different from the known value which is 30.5 kJ/mol (the energy for the reverse of ATP hydrolysis)? If the Keq' value is close to one, how is it ensured that the reaction is driven to the product side and more ATP is obtained?If a reaction has a ΔG°′ value of at least −30.5 kJ · mol−1, suffi -cient to drive the synthesis of ATP (ΔG°′ = 30.5 kJ · mol−1), can it still drive the synthesis of ATP in vivo when its ΔG is only −10 kJ · mol−1? Explain.
- Components of ETC involved in redox reactions are organised from high energy to low energy”. Explain this statement and how does this play a role in transfer of electrons in ETC?A biochemical reaction transfers 60 kJ mol-1(15 kcal mol-1) of energy. What general process most likely wouldbe involved in this transfer? What cofactor (or cosubstrate) likelywould be used? Which cofactor probably would not be used?Both oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylationtrap energy in high-energy bonds. How are these processesdifferent? How are they the same?
- Assume you have an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction that breaks down dopachrome. At t = 0 s, the absorbance at 475 nm is 0.2 when you add the enzyme. At t = 30 s, would you expect the absorbance to be less than or greater than 0.2?The free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP under standard conditions is −30.5 kJ/mol. If ATP is hydrolyzed under standard conditions exceptat pH 5.0, is more or less free energy released? Explain.Given that the standard free-energy change for the reaction glucose + Pi →glucose 6-phosphate is 13.8 kJ/mol, and the standard free-energy change forthe reaction ATP → ADP + Pi is −30.5 kJ/mol, what is the free-energychange for the reaction glucose + ATP → glucose 6-phosphate + ADP?