
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780618974122
Author: Andrei Straumanis
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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How many nodes are in the highest energy molecular orbital of benzene?
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The structure of 1,2-propadiene (allene) is shown to the right. (a) Predict all approximate bond angles in this molecule. (b) State the orbital hybridization of each carbon. (c) Explain the three-dimensional geometry of allene in terms of the orbitals used.
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Three of the four molecular orbitals for cyclobutadiene are pictured here. Place them in order of increasing energy. (See Figures 9.13, 9.15, 9.16, and 9.18 and the relation of orbital energy and nodes.)
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True or false: Boron contains 2s22p1 valence electrons, so only one p orbital is needed to form molecular orbitals.
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What is the rough hybridization of the carbon orbitals in the methyl carbonium ion, CH3+, which is almost perfectly planar triangular in shape?
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There are two compounds with the molecular formula HN3. One is called hydrogen azide; the other is cyclotriazene. (a) Write the Lewis structure for each compound. (b) Designate the hybridization of each nitrogen in hydrogen azide. (c) What is the hybridization of each nitrogen in cyclotriazene? (d) How many sigma bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (e) How many pi bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (f) Give approximate values for the N-to-N-to-N bond angles in each molecule.
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Determine if the following species have permanent dipole moments. a Dichloromethane, CH2Cl2 b Chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl c Ammonia, NH3 d Carbon dioxide, CO2.
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Considering only the molecular orbitals formed by combinations of the 2s atomic orbitals, how many molecular orbitals can be formed by 1000 Li atoms? In the lowest energy state, how many of these orbitals will be populated by pairs of electrons and how many will be empty?
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Determine the bond order of each member of the following groups, and determine which member of each group is predicted by the molecular orbital model to have the strongest bond. (a) H2,H2+,H2 (b) O2,O22+,O22 (c) Li2,Be2+,Be2 (d) F2,F2+,F2 (e) N2,N2+,N2
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Which of the following represents the lowest energy pi molecular orbital for cyclopentadiene?
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