hypothalamic nuclei make: (select all that apply) A. hypophysiotropic hormones B.releasinghormones, but notinhibiting hormones C. growth hormones D.releasing and inhibiting hormones
hypothalamic nuclei make: (select all that apply)
A. hypophysiotropic hormones
B.releasinghormones, but notinhibiting hormones
C. growth hormones
D.releasing and inhibiting hormones
The hypothalamus is a region that is situated at the base of the brain and consists of several nuclei. The hormones secreted by them are known to control a plethora of physiological functions in the body. The hypothalamus acts as a conduit between the endocrine system and the nervous system of the body by producing the neurohormones. These hormones govern different functions of the body like temperature regulation, body metabolism and circadian rhythm.
A. Hypophysiotropic hormones
The hormones released by the hypothalamus are also known as hypophysiotropic hormones. They are known to exert homeostatic effects in the body.
Hypophysis refers to the pituitary gland. The hypophysiotropic hormones are the hormones that affect the hypophysis, or pituitary. For example, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) by the hypothalamus stimulates or inhibits the pituitary to secrete the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that regulates the thyroid glands in the body.
Thus this option is correct.
B. Releasing Hormones, but not inhibiting hormones
This option is incorrect.
The hormones secreted by the hypothalamus are both releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones. For example, prolactin release is inhibited by the hormone dopamine and growth hormone release is inhibited by somatostatin.
C. Growth hormones
The growth hormone (somatotropin) is manufactured by the pituitary gland.
Thus this option is incorrect.
D. Releasing and inhibiting hormones
This option is correct.
The hypothalamus releases both releasing hormones and inhibitory hormones that regulate the body functions.
For example, dopamine inhibits the release of the hormone prolactin. Again the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the pituitary to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) respectively.
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