If a 1.50-cm-thick piece of lead can absorb 90.0% of the γ rays from a radioactive source, how many centimeters oflead are needed to absorb all but 0.100% of the γ rays?

Q: A 75 kg patient swallows a 30 μCi beta emitter with a halflife of 5.0 days, and the radioactive…

A: The number of radioactive nuclei did the patient swallowed be calculated as,…

Q: A sample of the isotope 131I, which has a half-life of 8.04 days, has an activity of 5.0 mCi at the…

A: Given: The half-life of the sample =8.04 days The activity of the sample = 5.0 mCi The activity of…

Q: The isotope Np-238 has a halflife of 2.0 days. If 96 were present on Monday, how much will remain…

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Q: In 1991, German tourists discovered the well-preserved remains of a man, now called “Ötzi the…

A: When scientists date a sample it is essential that the isotope which is used to date the sample…

Q: A 1.13-cm panel of a certain material can absorb 86.5% of incoming rays from a radioactive source.…

A:

Q: If we split a nucleus into two smaller nuclei, with a release of energy, has the average binding…

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Q: How much is the mass of the sample in grams of Po-218 that has an activity of 5.00 x 1019 Bq? The…

A: Given Activity = rate of disintegration = 5 × 1019 Bq = 5 × 1019 disintegration/second Half life =…

Q: Plutonium-239 (t1/2 = 2.41x104 yr) represents a serious nuclear waste hazard. If seven half-lives…

A: Given that, The half-life of Plutonium-239 is t1/2 = 2.41 x 104 yr We need to find the time that…

Q: If a radioactive isotope of thorium (atomic number 90, mass number 232) emits 4 alpha particles and…

A: When any radioactive elements emit alpha particle, it's atomic number reduces by 2 and mass number…

Q: A man, whose lungs are on average filled with 1 liter of inhaled air, lives in a house with a radon…

A: Given(s): Average inhaled air= 1 lit. Radon gas activity, A=1.0 x10-12 Curie/liter. Require:…

Q: A gamma scan showing the active volume of a patient’s lungs can be created by having a patient…

A: Given: The dose is 3.0 mSv. The mass of lung is 1.2 kg.

Q: If a 1.90 cm thick piece of lead can absorb 90.0% of the γ rays from a radioactive source, how many…

A:

Q: A radiation worker stands 35 cm away from a radioactive source of 30 mCi (11.1 GBq) 99mTc (?? for…

A: The equation of exposure rate is given as,

Q: A radiation worker stands 35 cm away from a radioactive source of 30 mCi (11.1 GBq) 9mTc (k, for…

A: The exposure rate is given by

Q: If 16 g of radon gas with a half-life of 4 days is present in a balloon at t = 0, what is the mass…

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Q: Determine the decay constant for iodine given its half life is 8.04 days. If a patient has ingested…

A: Given Half life(T1/2)=8.04 days Required decay constant(λ)=? Time taken to drop the activity from…

Q: Suppose you have a 1 g sample of 226Ra, half-life 1600 years. How long will it be until only 0.1 g…

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Q: To destroy a cancerous tumor, a dose of gamma radiation totaling an energy of 2.12 J is to be…

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Q: Approximately what is value of A for a nucleus whose radius is 4.7x10^-15 m

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Q: What time interval elapses while 51.0% of the radioactivity of a sample of 7233As disappears, as…

A: As per given data, 51% of the radioactivity of a sample disappears.

Q: Why is 137Cs considered as one of the most problematic fission products in a reactor accident?…

A: Exposure to large amounts of radioactive cesium can damage cells in human body from the radiation.…

Q: A sample of radioisotope has a decay constant of 9.976✕10-7 s-1 and prepared with an initial…

A: Given data: The decay constant of a sample of a radioisotope is, The initial activity of a sample…

Q: Explain why 231-Th-90 is likely to be a beta minus emitter

A: Why 231-Th-90 is likely to be a beta minus emitter.

Q: A patient is injected 465 MBq of radioactive isotopes with a half life of 110 minutes. How much…

A: Given: Half life, T=110 min=6600 s Radioactive injected in a body, N0=465 MBq Let's find the…

Q: An 85 kg person was exposed to a gamma source and received a whole body dose of 0.5 Sv. How much…

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Q: The activity (or decay rate) A of a certain unknown radioactive sample was measured over a period of…

A: Given:

Q: Calculate the radiation dosage (in rads.) for an 77-kg person that is exposed for 6 .0 seconds to a…

A: The energy released in the form of beta radiation is

Q: alculate the radiation dose in rem per year (365 days) for the lungs of a weapons plant employee who…

A:

Q: what type of radioactive source would you use to treat deep-seated brain tumors-alpha , beta, or…

A: To explain : The type of radioactive source used to treat deep-seated brain tumors

Q: A radiation worker stands 50 cm away from a radioactive source of 25 mCi 57Co. Calculate the…

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Q: A passenger on an airplane flying across the Atlantic receives an extra radiation dose of about 5μSv…

A: The average yearly radiation dose of a person is 3mSv. It is due to due to the natural background…

Q: A certain isotope has a half-life of 5.9 h and an atomic mass of 95.98 u. What will the activity in…

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Q: A radiation worker stands 10 cm away from a radioactive source of 55 mCi 57Co. Calculate the…

A: It is given that,

Q: A 162.0-mCi sample of a radioactive isotope is purchased by a medical supply house. If the sample…

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Q: What isotope is produced when Np-239 emits a beta particle?

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Q: The half-life of a radioactive nuclide is 20 years. If a sample of this nuclide has an activity of…

A: Formula of radioactivity is as follows: I=I0e-λt…

Q: A sample of plutonium-239 has a mass of 24.0 mg. If after 72300 years 6.00mg are left, what is the…

A: Given data:  Initial quantity of plutonium (N0) = 24.0 mg Time elapsed (t) = 72300 years  Remaining…

Q: Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1: 8. What is the ratio of their nuclear radii?

A: The relation between the mass number and the radius is  R =Ro A13 where, Ro is constant, R is the…

Q: A radioactive isotope has a half-life of 10 minutes. At the start of an experiment, the activity of…

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Q: Radioactivity depends on the nucleus and not the atom or its chemical state. Why, then, is one…

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Q: To destroy a cancerous tumor, a dose of gamma radiation totaling an energy of 2.12 J is to be…

A:

Q: What fraction f1 of a radioactive sample will be left after 6 half‑lives?   What fraction f2 of a…

A: To determine: 1) fraction f1 of a radioactive sample will be left after 6 half‑lives 2) fraction f2…

Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions are processes in which the fundamental characteristics of a nucleus changes. They change into a completely different nucleus. These processes occur naturally in an unstable nucleus. Bombarding an energetic particle can induce nuclear reactions.  In this article, both the naturally occurring nuclear reactions are termed as radioactive decay and the induced nuclear reactions are further categorized as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.