In a population of chimps, a gene that controls the presence or absence of an extra digit on forelimbs is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This gene has two alleles (D1 and D2), and 40% of the gametes in the chimp population carry the D1 allele. Given this information, what is the percentage of chimps that carry both the D1 and D2 alleles? a.16% b.48% c.60% d.40% e.36%
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8) In a population of chimps, a gene that controls the presence or absence of an extra digit on forelimbs is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This gene has two alleles (D1 and D2), and 40% of the gametes in the chimp population carry the D1 allele. Given this information, what is the percentage of chimps that carry both the D1 and D2 alleles?
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- The MN blood group is of interest to population geneticists because (a) people with genotype MN cannot receive blood transfusions from either MM or NN people (b) the MM, MN, and NN genotype frequencies can be observed directly and compared with calculated expected frequencies (c) the M allele is dominant to the N allele (d) people with the MN genotype exhibit frequency-dependent selection (e) people with the MN genotype exhibit heterozygote advantage1.A small group of turtles float on a log to an island and establish a new population there. How do you expect the genetic diversity of the island turtles to compare to genetic diversity of the mainland turtle population they originated from? Group of answer choices A. Genetic diversity should be similar, since they are the same species. B. Genetic diversity should be higher for the island turtles, because the new environment will produce new alleles. C. Genetic diversity should be lower for the island turtles, since the island turtles represent a small sample of the genetic diversity from the mainland turtles. 2.If the probability of a turtle having a brown shell is 3/4 and the probability of a turtle having a bumpy shell is 1/4, what is the probability of a turtle that has a shell that is both brown andbumpy? Group of answer choices A. 3/16 B. 3/8 C. 3/4 D. 1/2 3. A Drosophila gene is on the X chromosome, and recessive mutations in this gene cause white eye color…In the 1900s, the Florida panther population declined drastically due to hunting and habitat loss, and, by the mid-1990s, there were fewer than 30 Florida panthers left in the wild. What were the most likely consequences of this decline in population size on the frequency of genetic abnormalities, such as malformed testicles, in the remaining population? A. The frequency of genetic abnormalities decreased due to the weakest panthers being eliminated through natural selection. B. The frequency of genetic abnormalities increased due to an increased rate of migration of other panthers into the population. C. The frequency of genetic abnormalities increased due to the random loss of genetic diversity and increased inbreeding in small populations. D. The frequency of genetic abnormalities decreased because the concentration of adaptive alleles in the small population decreased as the population declined.
- 9) This chart shows the beak length of a population of finches in the Galapagos. The island was faced with a five year drought that made it difficult for birds to get water. If natural selection occurs, how would you predict the bird beak lengths to change? A) Only those with shorter beaks would survive. B) The population would not really change much. C) Only those with the longest beaks would survive. D) Those with medium-long beaks would increase most. Not Graded3. a. Why are most populations not in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? b. There is an ancient village population of humans. We know very little about this population. How can we use genetics to determine if the societal system of the village was matrilocal or patrilocal? c. There was variation in a rat phenotype (coat color.) The coat colors ranged from dark color coats to light color coats. As the rats migrated into the basements of campus, the light color rats were more likely to be caught by the campus cat. Over time, the basement rat population shifted to entirely dark color coats. This is an example of what kind of selection? d. Explain how a genetic bottleneck could lead to higher susceptibility of a disease, such cancer, in that population.You are examining population genetics of aquatic iguanas that live on the Galapagos islands. When you go to visit, you notice that the iguanas can easily swim to close neighboring islands but would have swim very long distances to reach further islands. Which of the following statements is a likely conclusion from your research? a. Populations are less similar the closer the islands are to each other. b. The further the islands likely have the greatest genetic diversity. c. Larger islands always have the lowest heterozygosity. d. Smaller populations on very small islands exhibit greater population differentiation.
- 1.) Which statement below is not consistent with a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? A.) Genetic drift is occuring. B.) Random mating is occuring. C.) Population size is large. D.) Migration is not occuring. 2.) Sickel cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected by sickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygen properly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cell anemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia are carriers of the sickle cell allele have some resistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted between humans by mosquitoes.” If scientists are successful in significantly reducing or eliminating malaria, the best prediction for what will happen to the allele for sickel cell anemia in the population is that it will: A.)not be affected by the elimination by malaria. B.) increase as its selective advantage…You are studying a species of beetle known as a Flumbodoodle Beetle. The beetle has long spikes on its shell to defend itself from potential predators. You are interested in studying evolution in this beetle. Which of the following studies do you not need to conduct to determine if the long spike trait can evolve by natural selection. a. A study that determines whether beetles with longer spikes survive and reproduce better than beetles with shorter spikes. b. A study that measures the spike length variation across multiple individuals in a population. c. A study where you measure the spike length on the parents and a study where you measure the spike length on the offspring. d. A study that determines whether these spikes on the beetle are also used in mate choice contexts.1a.) The frequency of a recessive disorder in a population is 1/400. What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population if the population is Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium? a)1/400 b.)1/20 c.)38/400 d.)361/400 e.)19/20 1b.) The relative fitnesses of A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 are 0.5,0.8, and 1 respectively. What is the expected result of natural selection in this situation? a. A1 will increase and A2 will decrease. b. A2 will increase and A1 will decrease. c. Both alleles will decrease in frequency. d. A stable equilibrium will be achieved in which both alleles are maintained. e. An unstable equilibrium will exist and the outcome depends on the allele frequencies.
- A species of fox may be brown (the dominant phenotype) or white (the recessive phenotype). Brown foxes have the genotype BB or Bb. White foxes have the genotype bb. The frequency in a population of foxes of the BB genotype is 0.27. A. How can we test if this population is operating under Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? B. Assuming that this population is operating under HWE, calculate the following: What is the frequency of the B allele in this population? What is the frequency of the b allele in this population? What is the frequency of heterozygous foxes in this population?Which is an example of directional selection after several generations on an island population from an original population that had an equal number of individuals with thin, moderate, and thick sized legs? A. Anolis lizards that have evolved thinner legs b. Anolis lizards that have evolved thin and thick legs c. Anolis lizards that have evolved moderate sized legs d. All of the above E. none of the above1. You measure the effects of a single allele (A2) on fitness in two populations of the same plant species, Population X and Population Y. Population X lives at higher altitudes. The average excess of fitness of the A2 allele (aA2) in Population X is 1.21, and the average fitness of the population (w) is 1.0. Population Y lives at a lower altitude. The average excess of fitness of the A2 allele (aA2) in Population Y is -1.68 and the average fitness of the population (w) is 1.0 a) Which population is likely to experience faster evolution? Why? b) What do you predict will happen to the frequency of the A2 allele (pA2) in population X? c) What do you predict will happen to the frequency of the A2 allele (pA2) in population Y? d) Why do you think the average excess of fitness of the A2 allele is different in these two populations?