Log Reduction 1000000000 100000000 10000000 1000000 100000 10000 1000 100 10 1 Time (minutes) 1. Use the above graph to determine an approximate D80 for E. coli in apple juice. B 2 min C 3 min D4 min A 1 min Need more information
Q: How would you calculate the expected values from the observed in order to use the chi-squared test?
A: The ILRN gene has 3 alleles; A1, A2, and A3. Hardy-Weinberg's equation for 3 alleles is: p2 + q2 +…
Q: The Mystery of Legionnaire's Disease -The bicentennial convention of the American Legion was held in…
A: In the late summer of 1976, a Legionnaires disease outbreak occurred in Philadelphia. Many of the…
Q: A petri plate is given to you with 80 colonies on it. I tell you that I did five 10x dilutions and…
A: Serial dilution is a technique that follows a series of dilutions using a diluent and is performed…
Q: Water Body Z Titration volume (ml) DO sample (0) DO blank (0) DO sample (5) DO Blank (5) 4.Calculate…
A: Introduction: BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand. It is a measure of the amount of oxygen…
Q: Given the following pedigree below, use Punnett squares for each of the following possibilities: a)…
A: The mode of inheritance is the pattern by which the trait or a disorder, which is passed from one…
Q: 5. Consider the process of transformation. Describe the process in terms of the cell that donates…
A: The technique of horizontal gene transfer known as bacterial transformation allows some bacteria to…
Q: Which statement is false about ribonuclease (RNase)? a)RNase can be heat treated and regain its…
A: Ribonuclease (RNase) refers to a family of enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of RNA molecules into…
Q: 33. Are the ions being moved FROM an area of high concentration or low concentration? 34. Are the…
A: Membrane transport mechanism is a phenomenon which determines how molecules/ substances are…
Q: 24. The blood agar reaction above is caused by A. nucleases B. a type of AB toxin C. streptolysin D.…
A: Blood agar may be a commonly utilized medium for refined microbes, especially those that cause…
Q: Any molecular project, whether it be genetic engineering, phylogenetics, population genetics,…
A: We can strongly agree with this point. Any molecular project, whether it be genetic engineering,…
Q: How do you conduct and start and what procedures do you take in experiment of active yeast
A: Active yeast refers to live yeast cells that are capable of fermentation, which is the process of…
Q: It is a dark and stormy night. Tired from many hours of studying Anatomy, you walk down the steps…
A: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and limbic system are two separate but closely related systems in…
Q: Discuss recent advances in fibre laser microscopy and identify challenges and opportunities for the…
A: Introduction The excitation light for fluorescence microscopy is produced by fibre lasers in the…
Q: 7. The backbone of the polypeptide is composed of which of the following? a. The nitrogenous bases…
A: Note: “Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first…
Q: The ancestral organism to snakes had a genomic error in which a repeated gene for thoracic vertebrae…
A: Introduction A mutation is a change that occurs in the DNA sequence of a gene or a chromosome. It…
Q: When starch is broken down during digestion, which of the following is the product? maltose mannose…
A: Starch is an vital source of vitality for the human body, and it is found in numerous nourishments,…
Q: The flesh of a cherry is formed from receptacle, carpel O carpel; ovule pericarp, endocarp pistil,…
A: INTRODUCTION Cherry It is a fleshy drupe or stone fruit. It is heart shaped or nearly globular.…
Q: 513 5' 3' Bacterial RNA polymerase cannot associate with DNA on its own; it requires an additional…
A: RNA polymerase also contributes to the processing of RNA molecules. Following synthesis, RNA…
Q: Fossil A 27 Fossil B: Fossil C Which conclusion is best supported by the information in the diagram?…
A: The process by which organisms change over time through natural selection and genetic drift and…
Q: Some species of bamboo can grow (250 mm/day). Assume individual cells in the plant are long. How…
A: Bamboo is a type of grass, not a tree. It is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world and can…
Q: According to the Fick equation, the fish gill is an effective gas exchange surface because... A. It…
A: The Fick equation is a mathematical formula that describes the rate of diffusion of a gas across a…
Q: Can you please annotate the two images attached. • Highlight information • Make notes in margins…
A: The text describes a study on the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus, a pest in commercial…
Q: Explain why the nucleus in adipose cells appear to be flattened and the cells hollow
A: Introduction: Animal tissues are groups of specialized cells that work together to perform a…
Q: Which of the following statements about the structure or composition of DNA is FALSE? O DNA is a…
A: Introduction :- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that carries genetic information in most…
Q: What is the name of the hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism?
A: Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland of our body. It is located in our neck region. It is…
Q: How does a ribosome initiate translation in a bacterium? Role of small/large subunits, the mRNA, the…
A: DNA is the genetic material of the cell and is composed of several thousands of genes. Transcription…
Q: One trait that unites animals as a group is that they all __________. Choose all that apply.…
A: The kingdom Animalia consists of all animals. They are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms having…
Q: Conclusion of active yeast experiment
A: Yeast is a single-celled fungus that belongs to the kingdom Fungi. For centuries, yeast has been…
Q: Describe and explain the difference in results if Staphylococcus aureus were used instead of…
A: Bacteriophage T4 possesses both "early" and "late" genes. This categorization indicates that these…
Q: 3. Name and describe the five steps of viral replication. Which step or steps differ the most…
A: Introduction :- Replication refers to the process of making a copy or a duplicate of something, such…
Q: How do you prepare a 100mL of 0.1 M phosphate buffer? From the anterior buffer, how do you make…
A: Introduction When modest amounts of acid or base are given to a solution, the pH does not alter as…
Q: Which of the following is not true about biofilms a) are caused by many Gram positive and Gram…
A: Introduction A biofilm comprises many microorganisms where the cells stick to each other and also…
Q: 10. PIP2 is hydrolyzed by the enzyme a. PKC b. PKA c. phospholipase C d. adenyly cyclase
A: Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is a phospholipid found in cell plasma membranes that…
Q: Explain slide with context and def
A: Starting with the definitions of the important terms; Vascular tissue: A specialized permanent…
Q: Which of the following are NOT included in the Nekton? Sea snakes Copepods Great White Shark Penguin
A: Aquatic animals that can swim against the current and move independently of the surrounding water…
Q: Look up "pseudohyphae" (or "pseudohypha") online and describe what they are in five words or less…
A: Psuedo hyphae: They are the hyphae that are formed due to incomplete cell division (or budding)…
Q: Look up the history of penicillin. From which species of mold was penicillin first (accidentally)…
A: Penicillin is an antibiotic which is used for the treatment of infection caused by gram positive…
Q: Make an outline about the genetics of phage (phage genetics) and add explanation per topic/subtopic,…
A: Outline: Phage Genetics I. Introduction A. Definition of Phages B. Importance of Phage Genetics…
Q: Part 3. During a class discussion, two of your classmates are discussing the processes of…
A: INTRODUCTION Photosynthesis and cellular respiration Photosynthesis can transform light energy into…
Q: What are the results of active yeast experiment
A: Active yeast is a type of yeast that is used in baking and other food production processes to help…
Q: 1. Which of the following is most likely to result in "immobilization"? A. Assimilation B.…
A: Microorganisms may cause disease in people, animals, and plants, and they are crucial to many…
Q: During maximal contraction of a sarcomere the H band is still visible.
A: Introduction A sarcomere is the basic functional unit of a muscle fiber, which is a type of muscle…
Q: What is true about respiratory systems (select all that apply) respiratory surfaces have a large…
A: Respiratory system is involved in exchange of gases between atmosphere and our body. The main organ…
Q: Oxygen content of venous blood is measured in several vascular beds. Venous blood from which of the…
A: Oxygen content of venous blood is measured in several vascular beds. Venous vasculature contains…
Q: Explain Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases
A: Disease means without comfort. A variety of microbes can cause disease and the symptoms vary from…
Q: The Genes you are examining exhibit a continuous pattern of variation. For these Genes, a Dominant…
A: To determine the probability of a specific genotype, we can use a Punnett square to determine the…
Q: Demand that the beneficiaries of basic research (e.g., tech, industry, pharma) conduct more basic…
A: Basic research is key to innovation, but has a funding problem. In terms of the quality of the…
Q: You have two true-breeding strains of coneflower. One strain has purple flowers and purple stems.…
A: Genetics helps us understand how traits are inherited. Genetics can help us understand how traits,…
Q: What pharmacological approaches are being taken to treat cannabis abuse?
A: Introduction :- Cannabis, also known as marijuana, is a plant that contains various psychoactive…
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Consider the table below. What is the TDT for E. coli at 70 C? Please include the unit.1 (a)Why is the spectrophotometer set at 0.000 absorbance for the uninoculated tube of broth? (B) Why can't you use the same plot (or standard curve) of plot of absorbance versus cell count for Escherichia coli for other bacteria? (C)List 3 advantages of estimating microbial numbers or biomass by the turbidimetric method? (C)(ii)List 2 disadvantages of this method? (D) Can you measure all kinds of microbes this way? Why not? ( this is not a graded assignment)In thinking about thermal death curves. Assume D50=10min. How long does it take to kill 90% of the cells? How long would it take you to sterilize a culture that had 10^5 bacteria in it? Select one: a.50 min / 500 min b.10 min / 50 min c.None of the Above d.50 min / 60 min e.10 min / 60 min
- six Staphylococcus aureus are inoculated into a cream pie by the hands of a pastry chef. The generation time of S. aureus in cream pie at room temperature is 30 minutes. a) How many S. aureus are in the pie after 4 hours at RT? b) After 24 hours?please explain why the answer is 3 thoroughlyGiven the parameters below:1. u(max) = 1.0/ h Ks = 10 uM2. u(max) = 0.7/h Ks = 2 uM) a. sketch the comparative Substrate Concentration vs.u(max) graphs for 1. b. sketch the comparative Substrate Concentration vs.u(max) graphs for 2. (answer a and b)
- Write an abstract of the article below in Results (around 3-4 sentences): RESULTS AND DISCUSSION For the duplicate sets of reactors in experiments A and B, reactors inoculated with Pond 1 started gas formationsooner and peaked earlier than the Pond 2 and Horse Dung reactors. For both sets of reactors, the reactor seeded with pond bottom soil obtained from Pond 1 had the highest methane generation rate, as well as the largest cumulative volume of methane, followed by Pond 2 and finally the reactor seeded with Horse Dung, as shown in Figure 1(A) and (b) below. The possible reason is that Pond 1 is an older pond compared to Pond 2, and the bottom soil obtained from the Pond 1 may have more stable organic matter accumulated as well as higher nutrient concentrations, leading…(Please give clear handwritten answer) A medium containing an abundance of substrate was seeded with 20 mg/L VSS of an active mixed culture. After 8.0 hours, the VSS concentration was measured at 590 mg/L. Data indicate that there was a lag time of 0.5 hours. Assuming log growth, what is the average generation time of this culture?t /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301 I introduce a loopful of Escherichia coli cells (say, 1000) into 10 mL of Nutrient Broth at 8 p.m. the night before your lab. The cells were taken from a culture plate (Nutrient Agar) held at 37°C, and inoculated into broth at the same temperature. They were held at 37°C overnight in a shaking water bath. At what time would the culture reach the Stationary Phase? Recall that doubling time under optimal conditions (these are) is 20 minutes. A growing bacterial culture has 10,000 CFU/mL at noon and 10,000,000 CFU/mL at 6 p.m. What is the generation time under these conditions? What are your assumptions? At midnight you inoculate 10 mL of a culture of Enterococcus with 103 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same medium, held under the same conditions as the original culture. At what time would the culture reach 107 cells/mL? Assume exponential growth over the period. Assume that g=half an hour. Note: We worked a different variant of this problem in…
- In a laboratory setting, E. coli has a doubling time of 20 minutes.a) What is its growth rate, r?b) Assuming you start with only 2 cells, what will be the bacterial population after 24hourshave passed?If the concentration of E. coli in a broth is between 104 and 106 cells per mL, the best way determine the precise number of living cells in the sample, would be toa) use a counting chamber.b) plate out an appropriate dilution of the sample on nutrient agar.c) determine cell number by using a spectrophotometer.d) Any of these three methods would be satisfactory.e) None of these three methods would be satisfactory.What are the characteristics of an effective indicator organism? Write down some examples. Suppose you filtered a sample and found the Fecal Coliform count to be 20 CFU/100ml but the Total Coliform count was 0 CFU/100ml, do you think this result is correct? If so, why/why not?