Making human proteins is plant hosts offers several advantages over extracting those proteins from human and animal sources. What are some of those advantages?

Q: What is the relationship between normal flora Escherichia coli (E. coli) and STEC?   A When normal…

A: Answer is :. Normal flora E. Coli do not make shiga toxin, but STEC are E. coli that do make shiga…

Q: What happens when T2 phages are grown with radioactive phosphorus? a. Their DNA becomes radioactive.…

A: T2 bacteriophages are the viruses that infect bacteria. They have double stranded DNA and have a…

Q: Identify: A (pointed part surrounding cells? Genus of A? Colonial form in B? Genus of B? Mode of…

A: Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic bacteria which has features like algae. They consist of blue-green…

Q: what kind of experiment can prove that azithromycin (antibiotics) has has an effect of on Quorum…

A: Antibiotics are used as the first line of treatment used in fighting infections caused by bacteria.…

Q: Virology:what is the name of the cellular receptor that hemagglutinin binds to? how does influenza…

A: Influenza virus have two glycoprotein on its surface 1) Hemagglutinin and 2) Neuraminidase.  HA…

Q: list 3 targets of antibiotics that are unique to bacterial cells & explain what they do in bacteria…

A: Antibiotics impact negatively the bacterial cell's vital processes and structures. The bacterium is…

Q: What does tabacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introducton of DNA…

A: Nematodes are the  roundworms which are mostly parasitic and live in plants and animals. A nematode…

Q: Why may some bacteria use extracellular enzymes to form blood clots? View Available Hint(s) for Part…

A: Option B. Blood clot can hide bacteria from the immune system

Q: E.coli, and K. rhizophila. How do you expect to be able to differentiate between the two organisms…

A: E coli.- called Escherichia coli, a rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria found basically in intestines…

Q: Which part of the plant is best suited for making virus-free plants and why?

A: A virus is a very small submicroscopic agent that is known for causing infections in its host…

Q: What role does quorum sensing play in bioluminescence?

A: Microbes or microorganisms are known to be visible under the microscope only. It includes bacteria,…

Q: Ti plasmid carrying a foreign gene is inserted into which bacterium that infects a plant cell?   a.…

A: The Ti plasmid vector is used in the world of plant genetic engineering with the aim of introducing…

Q: During quorum sensing, bacteria sense their populationdensity by:(a) Secretion of inducer molecules…

A: Quorum sensing is the ability to detect and respond to cell population density by gene regulation.

Q: Explain the relationship between Piscirickettsiaceae and Alteromonadaceae. Which of the two bacteria…

A: In the deep sea microbial community, Alteromonadaceae is one of the indigenous bacterias that have a…

Q: We have discussed several bacterial structures that make good targets for antibiotics. Describe the…

A: Antibiotics are those antimicrobial agents which act against microorganisms especially bacteria.…

Q: Can antibiotic resistance fish transfer the resistance to humans? Please cite an example

A: Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics are the compounds which are used against bacterial infection or…

Q: The peptidoglycan of bacteria has been compared with the chainmail worn beneath medieval knight’s…

A: Analogous functions are defined as the organs of different animals with different structures but…

Q: What do the results of Hershey and Chase's experiment show?* DNA is composed of a double helix. O…

A: Hershey and chase were the two scientist which performed experiment on the genetic material. They…

Q: Most bacteria require a water activity of 0.9 or higher to grow. A prolonged period of being dry…

A: The amount of 'accessible' water in a food is measured by its water activity, which is typically…

Q: John Smith is a pig farmer. For the past five years, Smith has been adding vitamins and low doses of…

A: John Smith is a pig farmer. Several pigs of Smith died from infections of common bacteria since they…

Q: Give an example of a type of clinically relevant bacteria that are spore formers. For example what…

A: Bacterial spores are highly resistant,  dormant structures formed in response to adverse…

Q: The term "Superbug" refers to? A. Certain bacteria strain that can grow in all kinds of unfavorable…

A: Introduction :- Superbugs are bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi strains that are resistant to…

Q: Antibiotics often target which components of microbial cells?   Choose all that apply. Group of…

A: Antibiotics are chemical compounds that are naturally occurring or synthetic which are used to…

Q: What is the difference in peptidoglycans in gram negative vs gram positive cells/ B. Why does Gram…

A: The bacterial cells are surrounded by a cell envelope that is a multilayered structure. The major…

Q: Some people may already be immune to a certain pathogen such that when they are exposed to that…

A: Koch's postulates are four criteria designed to establish a causative relationship between a microbe…

Q: A species of plants' in vitro plantlets are given to you. By using given plantlet cultures, discuss…

A: Protoplast are the cells without cell wall. The isolation of protoplasts can be used to form…

Q: Why is biofilm development in catheters (tubes that can be inserted into a body cavity, duct or…

A: Catheters are thin tubes made of soft plastic material that can be inserted into the body. A urinary…

Q: Which of the following is not true or related to bacterial capsule formation  A. Rigid and attached…

A: Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms (nucleus is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane)…

Q: George Beadle and Edward Tatum studled the common bread mold, Neurospora crassa, in the early 1940s…

A: IntroductionToday, we know that a normal gene provides guidelines for constructing a protein, which…

Q: Microb briefly describe 3 possible effects that antibiotics have on bacteria (ie- 3 things…

A: Antibiotics are substances that are extracted from one microbe and have harmful effects on another…

Q: name of the cellular receptor that hemagglutinin binds to ?How does Influenza enter the cell once it…

A: Influenza Is a viral infection that targets the respiratory tract of humans (mainly the nose, throat…

Q: Is there an advantage bacterial diseases could provide? Explain why or why not.

A: Bacteria are a type of microorganism, which are tiny forms of life that can only be seen with a…

Q: Peptidoglycan (PG) is a heteropolymer that consists of glycan strands cross-linked by short peptide…

A: The Cell wall is the outer covering of the cell which protects it from surroundings & also…

Q: You are working in a pathology lab where you have to isolate the disease causing agents from human…

A: Introduction :- Pathogens are disease causing agents ( organisms) . There are different types of…

Q: Describe the mechanisms by which the Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis act as insecticides.

A: Bacillus thuringiensis are soil-borne bacteria that are Gram-positive in nature. They are aerobic…

Q: Explain and give insight why the use of a face shield protect us against COVID 19, and now it is no…

A: The face shield is a transparent kind of plastic and can be remolded to produce transparent glass…

Q: Humans perfected the use of recombinant DNA technology to produce human insulin from bacteria.…

A: Biotechnology is the branch of Biology which deals with the manipulation of organisms and their…

Q: Penicillin does not directly kill bacteria. Why do cells usually die in the presence of penicillin?

A: Introduction  An antibiotic is a drug that stops microorganism growth and kills it. They fight…

Q: What is the term for the long tail on a bacteria cell which can propel it through its environment?

A: flagellum, plural flagella, hairlike structure that acts primarily as an organelle of locomotion in…

Q: Introduction: There’s quite a bit of interest around repurposing extant drugs to treat infections by…

A: Q. I will pick ACE inhibitor used to inhibit expression of ACE-2 protein in hypertension. ACE…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a feature associated with filtration?   sterilization of…

A: Filtration is a process in which the smaller or liquidy substances can be removed from the larger…

Q: The MPN mostly looks to grow E. coli as the indicator species of fecal contamination. Most E. coli…

A: Most Probable Number Test is used to perform the presence or absence to any fecal contamination…

Q: Soil bacteria such as Streptomyces spp. produce the bulk of known antibiotics. It has been suggested…

A: Antibiotic-producing microorganisms are found in large numbers in the soil. Considering how densely…

Q: Some scientists are trying to engineer bacteriophageto treat bacterial infections in humans when…

A: Phages are the viruses that use bacteria as their host. Phages exhibit two types of life cycles:…

Q: You are studying a type of bacteria isolated from the acidic water runoff of a mining operation. You…

A: INTRODUCTION In chemistry, pH traditionally denoting "ability of hydrogen" is a scale used to…

Q: A great concern in hospitals is the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria to generate…

A: Antibiotic resistance: when the bacteria survive in the presence of  target antibiotics  that are…

Q: Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it…

A: Antibiotics are chemical compounds that can be used against the bacterial infection in people and…

Q: What is the best explanation for why a bacteriostatic treatment might be chosen over a bacteriocidal…

A: Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms that are too small…

Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.