oles of: • Proline • Hydroxyproline • Hydroxylysine

Q: You have been observing an insect that defends itself from enemies by secreting a caustic liquid.…

A: Dissociation of formic acid is as follows: HCOOH + H2O ↔ HCOO- + H3O Here, HCOOH –> Formic acid…

Q: In an antibody, the heavy chain polypeptides are attached to the light chain polypeptides through…

A: Since antibody is a tetrameric structure consisting of 2 light chains and heavy chains so it is a…

Q: How do you explain Mr Willis’ dark urine and dark stools?  Would Mr Willis benefit from any…

A: G6PD(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme which helps in proper functioning of RBCs. Its…

Q: Which of the following is CORRECT about the movement of e- in photosynthesis? A. H20 → Pheo → PQ →…

A: This question is from LIGHT REACTION. Light reaction is of 2 types:- 1. Cyclic  2. Non cyclic ( z…

Q: For 1 molecule of fatty acid as shown in the picture, How many cycles of β -oxidation will occur?…

A: The free fatty acids released through lipolysis is degraded by a process known as β-oxidation.…

Q: Which Phospholipase is responsible for tissue damage after a snake bite? A. A1 B. A2 C. D D. C

A: Phospholipase (PLA) is a lipolytic enzymes which cleaves the phospholipid substrates at specific…

Q: The phosphate groups in the sugar-phosphate backbone of each strand of a DNA molecule have a pKa of…

A: A DNA molecule is a strand of polynucleotides, where each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group,…

Q: Describe the structural basis for the cooperative (allosteric) binding of O2 by hemoglobin but not…

A: Both hemoglobin and myoglobin are oxygen transport proteins. Both of them are complex proteins…

Q: H3N-CH- OA ОВ What structure from above is the the conjugate base of the species A? Question 2 A O A…

A: An acid is a proton donor, a base is a proton acceptor. When a proton donor donates its proton, it…

Q: f) As ATP is used, the above, at what ratio of equilibrium)? phosphocreatine stores are depleted.…

A:

Q: Which of the following are common to all metabolic pathways?  a) Citric acid cycle b) Oxidative…

A: Citric acid cycle carries out the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA and release CO2, NADH, FADH2, and…

Q: 6) Proline is not commonly found in the middle of a-helices because its ring structure prevents it…

A: A protein's function depends on its structure. There are four levels of protein structure: primary,…

Q: How does an enzyme effect the rate of metabolism?

A: Metabolism is a kind of chemical activity that happens between different types of cells with a…

Q: 7. What does Gram staining reveal owing to its use in clinical diagnosis? Explain briefly.

A: The process of determining a condition, disease, or damage based on its signs and symptoms. A…

Q: 384 Answer all the questions below please! Required: At least 3-4 sentences for each answer Write…

A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer one question at a time. Since…

Q: Write TRUE or FALSE. If false, write the word/s that make(s) the statement incorrect. The 3D…

A: The 3D structure of ribosomal RNA / rRNA consists of a very complex pattern of stems and loops. The…

Q: The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration…

A: A semi-permeable membrane is a membrane which allows partial transfer of molecules through it i.e.,…

Q: the structural differences between fatty acids (cis and trans double bonds), diacylglycerols,…

A: Lipids are biomolecule which is soluble in non-polar solvents and insoluble in polar solvents.…

Q: structure of cholesterol, define the three regions of the molecule, know that this molecule…

A: Cholesterol is a chemical compound that consists of steroid nucleus and is important component of…

Q: Draw all three structures in the mutarotation equilibrium of (a) d-gulopyranose and also of (b) d-…

A: Before getting into the final answer lets familiarize some of the terms used in this question…

Q: Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about wobble base pairing? a. Explains why there are…

A: Wobble base pairing is mainly defined as the pairing between two nucletodes that does not follow the…

Q: A cell in a hypertonic solution swells because of a net loss of water by osmosis.  True  False

A: A hypertonic solution is a solution that contains high solute concentration. Osmosis is the…

Q: 1. A simplified structure of the peptide Lys-Glu-Ser with just the ionizable groups in the charged…

A: The given peptide contains two amino groups and two carboxylic groups as ionizable groups. The pKa…

Q: How can one confirm/investigate the type of inhibition exerted by AZT on the HIV reverse…

A: HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus which causes AIDS and interferes with the body's ability…

Q: The amino acid histidine has ionizable groups with p?a values of 1.8, 6.0, and 9.2, as shown. A…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins which are composed of amino group (NH3+), carboxyl…

Q: Assume the following for a cell: Vm = +60 mV [Na+Jout 100 mM [K+]out = 1 mM = [Na+]in = 1 mM [K+]in…

A: Membrane potential is the difference in the potential across the cell membrane. The difference in…

Q: Energy Conversion by PSI and PSII Q2.1-Explain why 8 photons need to be absorbed just to move 4…

A: Photosynthesis is a process by which plant cells and other organisms make their own food by using…

Q: Cell junctions can connect both molecules from the inside and outside of cells,  True  False

A: Cell junctions are connections or adhesion between the cells ,they act as bridge for cellular…

Q: Based on the functional groups in estrogen and testosterone, which would be more hydrophobic.…

A: Estrogen and testosterone are sex hormones.They are secreted by the gonads and regulate the…

Q: 1. What is Amino Acid and its relation to proteins? 2. What is the importance of using multiple…

A: Since there are two questions asked, we will solve them both.

Q: Nucleotides are the subunits of DNA and RNA. EXPLAIN.

A: RNA is ribonucleic acid, whereas DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. Despite the fact that both DNA and…

Q: QUESTIONS: 1. What is a reducing sugar? 2. Explain why sucrose is not a reducing sugar. 3. How can…

A: All the three questions are related to carbohydrates.  They are answered in the next steps.

Q: What does glutamic acid do to the membrane potentials of: Neurons - Muscles -

A: Glutamic Acid : It is an α amino acid which is used by all living beings & organisms in the…

Q: 2b) If you denatured the random 1000 bp fragments of potoroo DNA  by heating them to 95°C. and then…

A: DNA is the genetic element of the cell. By definition the relative amounts of repeated and unique or…

Q: Hierarchical Organization of Protein Structure Q3.1 Describe the properties of an amphipathic alpha…

A: With increasing complexity, protein structures can be arranged into four categories of hierarchies.…

Q: Why do you think a weak acid/weak base chemical buffer system is effective at regulating blood pH?

A: A buffer is an aqueous solution that prevents any change of pH when acids or bases are added. It is…

Q: A fully folded, functional single polypeptide is in ____________________ structure.

A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…

Q: describe how 18O from water can end up in C18O2. Feel free to draw structures and reference any…

A: We know that the end product of glycolysis is pyruvate which to enter citrate cycle cycle for…

Q: Which peptide has a larger pI? Arg-Gly-Gly-Gly or Gly-Gly-Gly-Arg   why?

A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…

Q: Cyanide binds to and blocks the action of cytochrome oxidase which is the last cytochrome in the…

A: Cyanide is toxic substance which blocks the action of cytochrome oxidase in the electron transfer…

Q: Read and analyze the following statements. (i)    One of the end products of photosynthesis is the…

A: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use water from soil, carbon dioxide from air, sunlight…

Q: Type of chlorophyll only found in eukaryotes. a.Chl b b.Chl a c.Chl d d.Chl c

A: Introduction:  The green color of the plant is due to this chemical called chlorophyll which is used…

Q: a) 500ml of 2M Tris-HCl buffer pH 8.9. Tris base MW is 121.14 g/mol. You will use concentrated HCI…

A: A buffer is a solution that can resist changes in pH when small quantities of acid or base is added…

Q: What is the precursor of Cholesterol? a.Acetyl-CoA b.Glycerol c.Isoprene d.Fatty acid

A: Cholesterol is produced by the liver as well as by the majority of cells in the body. Lipoproteins,…

Q: For one molecule of the fatty acid as shown in the picture. How many molecules of NADH can be…

A: During the absence of carbohydrates, fatty acids are degraded to meet the energy demands of the…

Q: Estimate the flux (mg/cm2/s) by diffusion of estrogen (a steroid) through a lipid bilayer cell…

A: Flux of diffusion represents the amount of substance that can moved in or out of the cell through a…

Q: Please provide research data that support the occurrence of Cytokine storm in humans

A: Cytokines are proteins that play an important role in controlling the growth and activity of other…

Q: Which of the following amino acids can be converted to ketone bodies? a.Ala b.Arg c.Lys…

A: Amino acids can be degraded & during degradation, they can form various intermediates. Depending…

Q: Which of the following fatty acids is NOT common and naturally occurring?

A: In-order to answer this question, first we have name these fatty acids numerically. For this ,…

Q: What are riboflavin and niacin? Explain how these molecules are important to cellular metabolism.

A: The series of chemical processes that take place within cells in living things in order to sustain…

Substance Abuse

Substance abuse refers to the use of illegal drugs in excessive quantities, as well as the misuse of legal substances such as prescription or over-the-counter pharmaceuticals or alcohol for purposes other than those intended. Drug addiction, also known as substance use disorder, is a disease that affects the brain and behavior of a person. It leads to a failure to control the use of any drug or prescription, legal or illegal.