One scale for electronegativity is based on the concept thatthe electronegativity of any atom is proportional to theionization energy of the atom minus its electron affinity:electronegativity = k1I - EA2, where k is a proportionalityconstant. (a) How does this definition explain why the electronegativityof F is greater than that of Cl, even though Clhas the greater electron affinity? (b) Why are both ionizationenergy and electron affinity relevant to the notion ofelectronegativity? (c) By using data in Chapter 7, determinethe value of k that would lead to an electronegativity of 4.0for F under this definition. (d) Use your result from part (c)to determine the electronegativities of Cl and O using thisscale. (e) Another scale for electronegativity defines electronegativityas the average of an atom’s first ionization energyand its electron affinity. Using this scale, calculate the electronegativitiesfor the halogens, and scale them so that fluorinehas an electronegativity of 4.0. On this scale, what is Br’selectronegativity?
One scale for electronegativity is based on the concept that
the electronegativity of any atom is proportional to the
ionization energy of the atom minus its
electronegativity = k1I - EA2, where k is a proportionality
constant. (a) How does this definition explain why the electronegativity
of F is greater than that of Cl, even though Cl
has the greater electron affinity? (b) Why are both ionization
energy and electron affinity relevant to the notion of
electronegativity? (c) By using data in Chapter 7, determine
the value of k that would lead to an electronegativity of 4.0
for F under this definition. (d) Use your result from part (c)
to determine the electronegativities of Cl and O using this
scale. (e) Another scale for electronegativity defines electronegativity
as the average of an atom’s first ionization energy
and its electron affinity. Using this scale, calculate the electronegativities
for the halogens, and scale them so that fluorine
has an electronegativity of 4.0. On this scale, what is Br’s
electronegativity?
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