Outline how histone methylation and acetylation affectchromatin structure and gene expression.

Q: Define histone variant, and explain why histone variants are functionally important.

A: A complex of macromolecules consisting of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), and…

Q: Briefly explain how patterns of DNA methylation are transmitted across cell divisions.

A: DNA methylation is a biological mechanism that attaches methyl groups to DNA molecule. Methylation…

Q: In general, what are the effects of histone acetylationand DNA methylation on gene expression?

A: Modification of DNA and the associated proteins is one of the mechanisms of regulation of gene…

Q: Describe how controlling gene expression will alter the overall protein levels in the cell.

A: The cell controls which proteins are expressed and to what level each protein is expressed in the…

Q: Define histone code.

A: Histone code is the hypothesis that the transcrition of genetic information encoded in DNA is in…

Q: List and briefly describe five types of molecular mechanisms thatmay underlie epigenetic gene…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer of…

Q: Distinguish between general and regulatory transcription factors.

A: The transcription factors are protein that controls the transcription rate of genetic information…

Q: Describe the role of transcription elements in regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells.

A: Transcription It is process in which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied or transcribed in RNA…

Q: explain how covalent modification of proteins regulate gene expression

A: Enzyme based modification of proteins is called a covalent modification. The modification of the…

Q: Describe how prokaryotic gene expression occurs at the transcriptional level

A: Biology is the scientific approach to study life. All the living forms share certain key features…

Q: Explain Molecular Mechanisms of Transcription Repression and Activation.

A: MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF TRANSCRIPTION : during transcription , a DNA molecule is copied into RNA…

Q: How do chromatin modifications regulate transcription?

A: Chromatin is a complex of protein and DNA, present in eukaryotic cells. Its main function is to pack…

Q: scribe how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.

A: DNA is the genetic material is usually found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. DNA is made up…

Q: Describe the structural features of transcription activator and repressor proteins.

A: The process of transcription is considered a crucial process for the formation of proteins in a…

Q: Explain how gene expression may be regulated by a cell.

A: Gene interaction is a wide term phenomenon to explain the collective role of multiple genes in…

Q: Define about Chromatin Remodeling ?

A: The DNA is packed into the nucleus by using the protein. The chromatin is a DNA- protein complex.…

Q: Explain the role of allostery as being one of the regulating properties of gene expression.

A: An enzyme is a biocatalyst that speeds up the chemical reaction. It is a protein that is made of…

Q: Define epigenetics and discuss the role of modifications to DNA and histone proteins in controlling…

A: Epigenetics is the study of heritable variations in gene expression that do not require changes to…

Q: Describe the usual flow of genetic information in a cell.

A: Central dogma Describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins. RNA…

Q: Describe how chromatin is remodeled to regulate gene expression in eukaryotes

A: Eukaryotes =Eu(true) +Karyon (nucleus). Organism with true nucleus is known as Eukaryotes.

Q: Explain how DNA methylation could be used to regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific way. When…

A: The gene transcribes and translates for producing a protein. This mechanism is known as gene…

Q: How DNA methylation represses gene expression ?

A: The gene transcribes and translates for producing a protein. This mechanism is known as gene…

Q: Define the epigenetic mechanisms - regulation of gene expression by noncoding RNA molecules ?

A: Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in phenotype (appearance) or gene expression that are…

Q: Describe nucleosome supercoiling and its relationship to the radial loop–scaffold model of chromatin…

A: DNA being a large molecule, is packed with histone proteins to form a very compact structure known…

Q: Explain the channels of the interchromatin compartments ?

A: The nucleus is the most important organelle present in the eukaryotic cells and is made up of a…

Q: How is chromatin immunoprecipitation used to determine the locations of histone modifications in the…

A: Histone modifications occur through post-translational modifications of residues of amino acids like…

Q: Explain how regulation of gene expression can altergene function

A: Genes are the structural and functional units of heredity. Genes carry deoxy ribo nucleic acid…

Q: Explain aspects of the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes?

A: Gene regulation is defined as the mechanism by which the cells increase or decrease the production…

Q: B. What is different about the way in which these two DNA sequences increase the rate of…

A: The Catabolite activator protein (CAP) in E.coli activates transcription at more than a hundred…

Q: Describe the role of promoters, enhancers, silencers and insulators in gene expression

A: Gene expression is the process by which genes gets expressed. In this process the genes present in…

Q: Describe three types of post-transcriptional regulation of protein coding genes.

A: Introduction  Genome is referred to the total amount of DNA a single haploid cell contains. Genome…

Q: Describe the initiation of transcription listing all the transcription factors involved and their…

A: Introduction  The process of making RNA from DNA with the help of enzymes and proteins is known as…

Q: explain  DNA methylation in gene expression Provide examples

A: Gene expression is the process through which a gene's information is used to create a functional…

Q: Discuss histones and how methylation and acetylation of DNA and histones can affect the production…

A: Histone modifications are related to the structural changes that mainly happen during the time of…

Q: Describe the organization of a protein-encoding gene and its mRNA transcript.

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double stranded helical genetic material containing thousands of…

Q: Discuss the role and relevance of chromatin in the storage, expression and transmission of genetic…

A: Chromatin is the material that makes up a chromosome that consists of DNA and protein. The reason…

Q: how histones and micro RNA control gene expression?

A: Histones are a family of basic proteins that associate with DNA in the nucleus and help condense it…

Q: Describe how chromatin remodeling complexes allowgene expression to occur.

A: Chromatin remodeling is the reorganization of chromatin from a compressed state to a…

Q: Describe the role of micro RNA (miRNA) in gene expression ?

A: Gene expression is a process in which functional product or protein is formed by the given…

Q: Compare the roles of general transcription factors and transcriptional activator proteins.

A: Transcription is the process of translating info from one stranded DNA molecule to a new molecule of…

Q: Outline how histone methylation and acetylation affectchromatin structure

A: Gene expression may be done by the transcription of DNA into mRNA and formation of polypeptide…

Q: Describe how reversible chemical changes to DNA and histones are linked to chromatin modification.

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Define the epigenetic mechanisms - chromatin remodeling bythe addition or removal of chemical groups…

A: Introduction  Expression of gene is highly under control by various mechanisms such as histone…

Q: Explain the concept of Gene Expression Is Regulated by mRNA Stability and Degradation ?

A: Introduction: The control of Gene expression in a eukaryotic cell is done by various levels of…