Outline quorum sensing by using a flow diagram to organize thestages.

Q: Summarize how clotting can theoretically be initiated by the activation of factor XII or by the…

A: Blood clotting is the process in which blood coagulates and gradually form a semi-solid and then…

Q: Compare and contrast the intrinsic pathway and the extrinsic pathway for activating blood clotting.

A: Hemostasis can either be essential or optional. Essential hemostasis alludes to platelet plug…

Q: Where is SAN located and what is its location?

A: Human Heart is a four-chambered, fibro-muscular organ. There are two atria through which the heart…

Q: Describe the arrangement and function of lipids in the RBC membrane.

A: Red blood cells or erythrocytes are cells suspended in blood that function to transport oxygen to…

Q: Explain what are CpG islands ?

A: CpG islands are DNA methylations locales in advertisers known to control gene expression through…

Q: In serum preparation, Explain the importance of maintaining the tubes in upright position during…

A: Serum is defined as the liquid component of the blood . It is the portion of the blood which is…

Q: Explain about transciption unit.

A: The process in which the RNA is synthesized from DNA is termed as transcription, which is the first…

Q: Define MRN complex,

A: MRN complex is a protein Complex consisting of : Mre11 Rad50 Nbs1

Q: THREE main classes of proteins that mediate the time course of Ca2+-elevation in neurons.

A: Neurons The neuron is the basic fundaments signalling unit of a cell. It transmits the message…

Q: Explain the role of first aiders with examples.

A: Humans face different challenges in their life. Some of the challenges may lead to different…

Q: In hindsight, which aspects of the HMP were well controlled forand which were not?

A: Hexose monophosphate shunt or the pentose phosphate pathway is a biochemical process happening…

Q: What would be the result of a substitution of TA for the CG at position 9?

A: Substitution is a type of mutation where one base pair is replaced by a different base pair.

Q: Define cascade triggers

A: Signal transduction is the process through which cells communicate with the external environment,…

Q: c) What drives the diffusion of molecules through the matrix of exchangers in ion- exchange…

A: Chromatography is the technique by which the samples are separated according to their…

Q: What is hyper-responsive (example)?

A: The nervous system comprises the brain, neurons and spinal cord. The nerves are responsible for…

Q: Explain the difference between the relative and absolute refractory periods. Briefly describe the…

A: A voluntary muscle fibre contracts when threshold stimulus (optimum stimulus that could generate a…

Q: Define hypercoagulability?

A: It is define as increased tendency to thrombosis. It is alteration in the hemostatic balance between…

Q: describe depurination

A: Nitrogenous bases are organic compounds that form the nucleotides of the nucleic acids. These…

Q: Identify the note on the Role of markers and receptors in presentation and activation.

A: Introduction  Our immune system plays key role in defence against harmful foreign particles be it…

Q: Explain why the second phase of the chymotrypsin mechanism slower than the first phase

A: Chymotrypsin is a zymogen that remains in the inactive stage and gets activated only when peptide…

Q: Explain Using antibodies to monitor protein localization.

A: Proteins are the building blocks of the cell. Studying the protein location helps in determining the…

Q: the correct amount that can be resolved from the TLC?

A: There are apperenttly 8 Isomers of ketohexoses which are D-Fructose, D-tagatose, D-psicose, and…

Q: Explain how the PNS and SNS affect cardiovascularactivity and blood pressure.

A: The peripheral nervous system is one of the two components that make the nervous system. This system…

Q: Explain two advantages of having memory cells when apathogen is encountered for a second time.

A: The infection is the invasion and growth of microorganisms in the body. The microorganism may be…

Q: Why is adaptation during chemotaxis important?

A: Chemotaxis refers to the migration of an organism in response to any chemical stimulus. Bacteria,…

Q: Match the correct tonicity environments as depicted in the image below for red blood cells. Red…

A:

Q: Explain BCR (membrane bound IgM and membrane bound IgD).

A: A constantly circulating fluid providing the body with nutrition, oxygen, and waste removal is…

Q: Define the following terms: a. PTGS b. COX c. nociceptors d. lock-and-key model e. induced-fit model

A: Genetic and biochemical evidences show that co-suppression, antisense-mediated gene silencing, RNA…

Q: Explain and describe why is very beneficial to have both types of responses in the body( the…

A: IMMUNE RESPONSE - the immune response is how your body recognizes and defends itself against…

Q: Define the term receptor desensitization?

A: Receptor desensitization refers to the decreased responsiveness that occurs with repeated or chronic…

Q: Outline the events that occur when an F+ cell encounters an F- cell

A: The cells that take part in conjugation are the F- cells which are the recipients and F+ cells…

Q: Binding of molecules elicits a conformational change that allows the entry of _resulting in the…

A: Synapse is an area which information / instructions from one neuron is transmitted to another neuron…

Q: Define ala

A: ALA : It has different meanings in diffrent subjects . ALA in zoology : A wing like structure or…

Q: Describe the platelet receptor-ligand interaction and its biological outcome

A: Answer: Introduction: Platelets receptor-ligand interactions are necessary to recruit a circulating…

Q: ase give function. And given in question?

A: Certain medical illnesses necessitate the administration of oxygen, which is referred to as oxygen…

Q: explain Mechanism of LTR-type retrotransposonmovement

A: Transposon is a small piece of DNA that can move from one genomic location to another within the…

Q: Explain What are Nod factors and what do they do?

A: Nod factors (NFs) are basically lipochitooligosaccharide molecules discharged by rhizobia, which are…

Q: Leukotrienes from damaged tissue cause smooth muscle in local blood vessels to vasodilate (increase…

A: Local hormones are a huge group of signaling molecules that does not circulate within the blood.…

Q: A) Describe how the sustained response is generated. E

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve first question for you. If you want…

Q: If extracellular Ca2+ was returned to normal, but no Mg2+ was present in your preparation, what do…

A: The activation of both presynaptic and postsynaptic are required for LTP (long term potentiation)…

Q: Explain how an increased hematocrit indicates a fluidshift.

A: Interstitial fluid is the combination of ions, water, and other solutes that are present in the…

Q: Explain how the chemosensitive area in the medulla functions. That is, what stimulates it and how…

A: The chemosensitive area is located on the ventrolateral surface of the medulla oblongata. The…

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is a self-regulatory process through which different biological systems maintain constant internal environmental conditions to compensate for environmental changes. In human physiology, it is a process of self-regulating internal, chemical, and physical conditions at an optimal level for survival. The stability through homeostasis can be attained through dynamic equilibrium, in which there is a continuous change until it reaches its systemic conditions.