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- E2 A steel bridge on Louisiana state highway near the Gulf of Mexico is costing $450.000 yearlyin maintenance large chipping, priming, and painting. It originaly cost $1.600.000 when it wasbuilt 15 years ago. The Louisiana bridge engineers estimate that its remaining life is 10 years,then it will need to be replaced because of increased traffic. Its salvage value at any point intime is zero, because the cost of demolition will most like equal its value as scrap steel.A concrete bridge is considered to be the best challenger. It will cost $3.000.000 to build and$100.000 annually in maintenance costs. Its estimated life is 50 years. Its resale value may becounted as zero at any time during its life.No taxes of any kind will be considered for this government project. All costs are in constantdollars of year 0. Inflation may be ignored. Assume that annual benefits for either structure areexactly the same. A discount rate of 10 percent is to be used in analysis.(a) What is the economic life…Problem Solving. Solve the following problems completely. 4. Atty. Gacayan invested P280, 000 which will be used in a project that will produce auniform annual revenue of P180,000 for 5 years and then have a salvage value of 16% ofthe investment. Out-of-pocket costs for operation and maintenance will be P80,000 peryear. Taxes and insurance will be 3% of the first cost per year. Atty Gacayan expectscapital to earn not less than 30% before income taxes. Determine if the investment is goodand Calculate the following:a. Calculate using Rate of Return Method.b. Payback period of the investment.Three alternative proposals are suggested for a project with the following cash flows. Choose the best alternative based on IRR. MARR = 15%. The life of alternatives is 10 years. Alternatives I II IIIInitialInvestment $350,000 $150,000 $220,000Net Income/ year $35,000 $20,0000 $22,000Salvage Value $100,000 $15,000 $50,000
- 4. A government is planning to implement a new traffic control and surveillance system. The maintenance cost of the system is $1,200,000 per year. It is believed that the new system can help 3,000 driver saving 8 hours per year. The average wage of the people in this country is $150 per hour. It is expected that the system can be used for 5 years, i.e., the first benefit and cost are B1 and C1 respectively, while the last are B5 and C5. (a) What is the value of time saved by the new system per year? (b) Suppose the market interest rate is 5%. Calculate the net present value of this system. Should the system be launched? (c) Suggest two reasons to explain why the market interest rate in part (b) may be too high to evaluate the project. Should the system be launched if the interest rate is adjusted according to your suggestions?10- A project needs $10000.00 expenditure at the end of 1st year and another $10000.00 at the end of 5th year. If the interest rate is 7%, what is the Equivalent Uniform Annual Cost (EUAC) of this project in 5 years? a) $4210.00 b) $1710.03 c) $4018.50 d) $2001.04A five-year project has an initial fixed asset investment of $613,600, an initial net working capital investment of $22,200. The project will have an annual operating cash flow (OCF) of (-$76,540). The fixed asset is fully depreciated over the life of the project and has no salvage value. The net working capital will be recovered when the project ends. The required return is 11.7 percent. What is the project's equivalent annual cost, or EAC? O-$248,052.76 O-$182,309.18 O-$147,884.01 O $242,212.22
- Fitzgerald, Ivy, Garcia, Nichols, Eudy, Williams, Thomas, Owens, and Nagy (FIGNEWTON) Inc. must replace its fig - crushing equipment. The alternatives under consideration are presented below. Alternative First Cost Net Annual Benefits Useful Life A $170, 500 $14, 675 5 years B 205,000 17,000 7 years C 242,500 16, 350 8 years D 290,000 14,825 10 years a) Which anlaysis method should be used to select the alternative? b) Why should that analysis method be used? c) if FIGNEWTON uses a MARR of 8%, what alternative should be chosen? d) if FIGNEWTON uses a MARR of 18%, what alternative should be chosen? Submit one excel file with answers a), b), c) and d) highlighted clearly.An investor is considering two mutually exclusive projects. She can obtain a 6% before tax rate of return on external investements but she requires a minimum attractive rate of return or 7% for these projects. Use a 10 year analysis period to compute the incremental rate of return from investing in Project A rather than Project B. Project A Project B initial $58500 $48500 net uniform annual income 6648 0 salvage value 10 yrs hence 30000 138000 computed rate of return 8% 11%SUBJECT: ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (a) Identify the Given and the Unknown or what is being asked in the problem (b)Provide the formula to be used (c)Show the complete solution. The final answer is already provided.. At 5% annual interest, what is the difference in the present and future value of P100 paid at the endof each year for 10 years and P100 paid at the beginning of each year? Answer: P value difference = P38.61 F value difference = P62.89
- Given the two machines’ data Machine A Machine B First Cost P8,000.00 P14,000.00 Salvage value 0 2,000.00 Annual operation 3,000.00 2,400.00 Annual maintenance 1,200.00 1,000.00 Taxes and insurance 3% 3% Life, years 10 15 Money is worth at least 16% Using equivalent uniform annual cost method, determine the value of alternative A and alternative B: ANSWER for ALTERNATIVE A: Blank 1 ANSWER for ALTERNATIVE B: Blank 2Please no written by hand and no emage Solve in excel Carp, Inc. wants to evaluate two machines for packaging their products.Machine A:Initial cost is $700,001st year O&M cost is 18,000; this cost increases $900 each year.The annual benefits are $154,000It can be sold at the end of 10 years useful life for $145,000 Machine B:Initial cost is $1,600,001st year O&M cost is 28,000; this cost increases $650 each year.The annual benefits are $300,000It can be sold at the end of 20 years useful life for $210,000The companies uses an interest rate of 15% Use annual cash flow analysis to decide which is the most desirable alternative.SUBJECT: ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (a) Identify the Given and the Unknown or what is being asked in the problem (b)Provide the formula to be used (c)Show the complete solution. The final answer is already provided. What is the value of a perpetuity of P100 per year if the discount rate is 5%, 7%, 11%? Answer: P value if 5% = P2,000.00, P value if 7% = P1,428.57, P value if 11% = P909.09
