R Budget balance million Total government revenue 650 Total government expenditure 690 Current government revenue 590 Current government expenditure 620 Non-interest expenditure 600 Cyclically adjusted revenue 560 Cyclically adjusted expenditure 580 The conventional balance is R millior
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- Why does the budget require a forecast of the economy? Under what circumstances would actual government spending and tax revenue fail to match the budget as approved? kindly explain answers in a simpler way.List the 3 major revenue sources and 3 major expenditures in the 2022-2023 U.S. budget.How much (approximate %) of the budget is NOT mandatory, interest or defense spending.What is meant by the term “mandatory” in this context? How do you think that this realistically affects efforts to balance the budget?.The tax cuts of 2008 and 2009 reduced the disposable income of U.S. consumers. True or False
- Why does the budget require a forecast of the economy? Under what circumstances would actual government spending and tax revenue fall to match the budget as approved?Please give a detailed solution with an explanation. Please double-check your sources and make sure the answer is 100% correct. Make sure ALL questions are answered too.Blank Answer #1:value of all goods and services produced in the economy in the base yearcost of a given market basket of goods and servicesvalue of all goods and services produced in the economy this yearBlank Answer #2:this year's pricesthe base year's pricesBlank Answer #3:value of all goods and services produced in the economy in the base yearcost of a given market basket of goods and servicesvalue of all goods and services produced in the economy this yearBlank Answer #4:this year's pricesthe base year's pricesBlank Answer #5:produced domesticallybought by consumersQ-1 The following table shows income and consumption: Calculate: A- Saving (S), B- Marginal propensity to consume (MPC), C- Marginal propensity to save (MPS), D- Average propensity to consume (APC) E- Average propensity to save (APS). Y C1000 15002000 26003600 30004800 39005500 42006200 4800
- why does the budget require a forecast of the economy? under what circumstances would actual government spending and tax revenue fail to match the budget as approved?Assuming you are the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning for Nigeria, in charge of Fiscal Policy. The Research Director of the Ministry brought you the following data on Nigeria’s for the previous fiscal year, 2021. An examination of the data reveals that, during the fiscal year 2021, households in Nigeria saved 20% of their disposable income (Yd) and spent the rest on consumption. In addition, ₦5,000.00 was spent on Consumption expenditure (C), which is independent of income and Gross Private Investment (I) was ₦ 7,000.00. Total Government expenditure (G) which stood at ₦8,000.00 was supposed to be financed by a lump sum tax of ₦2,000.00 (independent of income) and a proportional tax rate of 25% of national income. Exports (X) stood at ₦2,500.00. In addition, the country’s import (M) during the previous fiscal year comprises of ₦1,000.00 which was independent of the country’s national income and 10% which was dependent of the country’s national income. Given these data on…Suppose a consumer has $1500 in the current time period and $1100 in the future time period.Suppose also that the consumer can borrow and lend freely and, unless otherwise specified, borrowing and lending interest rates are the same. (a) If the interest rate between time periods is 50%, what is the budget constraint between consumption in the present and consumption in the future? (B) If the interest rate at which the consumer can borrow is 75% but the rate at which she can lend is25%, what is the budget constraint? (C) Suppose the interest rate is 50%. If the consumer has to pay a fee of 10% of the loan amount in order to borrow money, what is the budget constraint?
- Disposable income is the amount a household has A after subtracting autonomous spending. B after subtracting taxes and transfer payments to income. C sometimes called discretionary spending. D available for consumption spending and saving.Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 Policymakers plan to balance the budget by decreasing G. What is the size of the Keynesian-Cross government spending multiplier and the horizontal shift of the IS curve? What are the resulting IS-LM equilibrium values of r and Y after the shift? What is the size of the effective (actual) government spending multiplier? Why is it smaller?Consider the following extract and then answers the questions that follow: How SA's recession is impacting consumer spending Consumers are actively doing pre‐shopping research either through broadsheets or online, and comparing retailers’ offerings to seek out the best value before even leaving the house. Consumers simply no longer purchase certain items, pointing to their extreme need for frugality in current market conditions. Added to this, consumers have also changed the way they use these products in their homes to maximise usage and minimise wastage. This includes the alternative use of products, like using margarine in place of cooking oil and fragranced body lotion instead of perfume. Q1. Discuss the impact of the economy on consumer behaviour.Note: it is important that you consider using examples that is relevant and specific to the scenario provided when responding to this question. Q2. Finding cheaper prices online is one driver for online shopping. Describe any four other…