Receptor-mediated endocytosis – what does this mean and how is it different from other types of endocytosis?

Q: Which transport disorder can be treated by drugs containing thiol groups, which are able to…

A: Our body metabolism needs to be constantly regulated. Such regulation helps in preventing metabolic…

Q: 57. An increase in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acid chains in a membrane…

A: Lipids are macromolecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen just like carbohydrates but in…

Q: applicability of a dialyzing membrane (DM) as a model for the cell membrane enclosing an aqueous…

A: Diffusion the transport of molecules from their high concentration towards their low concentration.…

Q: And what is endocytosis pinocytosis phagocytosis explain with reactions or diagram.

A: The molecules are transported across the cell membrane through different transport mechanisms. Cells…

Q: True or false  Hydrophobic talis of detergent molecules can bind to hydrophobic regions of integral…

A: Biological membranes are primarily made up of phospholipids, cholesterol, and transmembrane…

Q: Would mitochondrial transmembrane transport of a protein bound for the mitochondrial intermembrane…

A: Introduction: Translation is the process through which proteins are produced from mRNA. After the…

Q: Disulfide bond formation is a regularly observed protien modification that occurs in the lumen of…

A: A certain change in the chemical properties of proteins after translation is referred to as…

Q: The number of distinct protein folds in limited.  Why might this be so?

A: Protein folding is the physical process by which a polypeptide folds into its characteristic…

Q: Describe the macromolecular and biophysical characteristics of collagen in the extracellular matrix…

A: There are few points to know about collagen.  It is the major structural protein in the…

Q: Knowing that there is constant turnover of phospholipids in a cell’s membrane and that new…

A: A cell bilayer membrane is made of two layers that surround the cell and face each other, each layer…

Q: Even though the actual concentration inside a cell is above critical concentration, 50% of action is…

A: Actin participates in many important cellular processes, like muscle contraction, cell motility,…

Q: Peripheral membrane proteins are not amphipathic and do not associate with the nonpolar regions of…

A: Peripheral proteins are a set of biologically active molecules formed from amino acids.

Q: The antifungal drug nystatin kills fungal cells in part through formation of membrane pores that…

A: Antimicrobials are agents that either kill microorganisms (microbicidal) or stop their growth…

Q: How do ion channel proteins fold in the lipid bilayer membranes?

A: Ion channel proteins play pivotal role for electrical excitability of muscle cells, signalling of…

Q: Although proteins rarely if ever flip-flop across a membrane, the distribution of membrane lipids…

A: The phospholipids and many other proteins freely move along the horizontal direction of the cell…

Q: Proteins are often regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation reactions. What amino acid…

A: Proteins are the polymers of amino acids that are often regulated by phosphorylation or…

Q: Arg in membrane proteins would most likely be found near the aqueous, extracellular environment in…

A: Aminoacids are of two types. Hydrophobic aminoacids have side chains that do not interact with…

Q: Is the biophysical tendency of lipidsto partition into separate phases withina lipid bilayer…

A: Lipids are one of the vital molecule present in livings that help to build the building blocks of…

Q: The lipid composition of the cytosolic and extracellular leaflets of the the cell membrane is…

A: According to the question, we have to explain what is meant by "cell membrane asymmetry" and how it…

Q: Write two examples of glycosaminoglycans, and explain the roles that are not dependent on anchorage…

A: Glycosaminoglycans  are the polysaccharides in which the repeating unit is a disaccharide not a…

Q: How is adipose tiisue matrix packed?

A: Adipose tissue is a form of loose connective tissue that is involved in the storage of fat.  Adipose…

Q: Explain why the large, steroid hormone, estradiol (MW 272) readily crosses membranes by simple…

A: Hormones are signaling molecules that act as chemical messengers. They are secreted by endocrine…

Q: Proteins may be bound to the exoplasmic or cytosolic face of the plasma membrane by way of…

A: Every cell has a plasma membrane, and many of its organelles possess membranes as well. All…

Q: Sphingomyelins are amphipathic molecules. Review thestructure of a typical sphingomyelin. Which…

A: Sphingomyelins are the type of phospholipid molecules that are present in the nerve cell membrane as…

Q: Why transcytosis is not listed as a separate means of membrane transport, in addition to pinocytosis…

A: Transcytosis: A type of transcellular transport called transcytosis involves the movement of…

Q: When PIP2 is hydrolyzed, why does IP3 diffuse into the cytosol while DAG remains in the membrane?

A: in the pathway, when PIP2 is hydrolyzed, the diacylglycerol (DAG) remain associated with the plasma…

Q: The glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide chainsthat are linked to specific core proteins to form the…

A: Proteoglycans are the proteins bound to glycan units that are mainly amino and uronic acid…

Q: as lipids are synthesized in the ER they are inserted into the cytoplasmic leaflet of the ER .…

A: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main site for lipid synthesis. Intracellular lipid trafficking…

Q: Suppose the major solutes in intact lysosomes are KCl (~0.1 M) and NaCl(~0.03 M). When isolating…

A: Lysosomes (membrane-bound organelles) differ in number per cell and appear to function slightly in…

Q: why glutamate is the most soluble in water at pH7

A: Amino aids are the monomers of polypeptide chains that make up proteins. There are a total of 20…

Q: How manipulations in the phospholipid tails leads to an increase or decrease in permeable of plasma…

A: The plasma membrane is the outer covering of all the living cells, which marks a boundary between…

Q: Would mitochondrial transmembrane transport of a protein bound for the mitochondria intramembrane…

A: Proteins are synthesized from the mRNA by the process of translation. After the process of…

Q: List three mediator proteins that move phospholipid molecules from one side of a membrane to the…

A: Mediator proteins are the proteins that are required for the transport of molecules which cannot…

Q: Proteoglycan aggregates in tissues form hydrated, viscousgels. Can you think of any obvious…

A: Proteoglycan : It are proteins that are heavily glycosylated.

Q: discuss the functional significance of the cell membrane's asymmetry and fluidity.

A:

Q: Although proteins rarely if ever flipflop across a membrane, the distribution of membrane lipids…

A: Glycosylation is the process by which carbohydrate is covalently attached to a target macromolecule,…

Q: What is an advantage of receptor mediated endocytosis as compared to pinocytosis? Then what is an…

A: Endocytosis is a type of active transport that moves large molecules into a cell. In endocytosis,…

Q: Considering the Fluid-Mosaic Model of cellular membranes, supply the biomolecules primarily…

A: The cell membrane forms a protective layer between a cell and its surroundings, controlling the flow…

Q: Predicting how variation in membrane lipid composition will affect the fluidity and mobility of…

A: Membrane proteins These are protein molecules that are associated with the membrane of a cell or an…

Q: List some advantages of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cascade systems over simple allosteric…

A: This topic comes under enzyme regulation both the process have a role in the activity of the enzyme.

Q: Integral membrane proteins are not water-soluble. Why? How must these proteins differ from globular…

A: Integral membrane proteins are present in between the lipid bilayer . They are helpful in…

Q: Explain the role and functioning of chaperone proteins. Explain, why several chaperones…

A: Introduction :- Proteins called chaperones direct other proteins along the correct folding paths.…

Q: When the hormone vasopressin stimulates cleavage of PIP2 by phospholipase C, two products are…

A: Introduction: The chemical curriers that involved in exchanging information between the cell of the…

Q: To explain: Where the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) would be expected if ER retrieval signal is…

A: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) The reticulum is a complex network of tubular membranes found only in…

Q: The steroid hormones provide a physiological example. These cholesterol relatives can pass through a…

A: The steroid hormones are steroids that behave and possess hormone-like properties. Steroid hormones…

Q: Why peripheral membrane proteins can be studied in absence of membrane and isolated under milder…

A: The proteins that are temporarily attached to the cell membrane are known as peripheral proteins.…

Oogenesis

The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase. 

Cell Division

Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons: