Show how you would synthesize each compound, starting with an ester containing nomore than eight carbon atoms. Any other necessary reagents may be used. (e) PhCH2OH (f) PhCOOH
Lipids
The heterogeneous classes of organic compounds that are not water-soluble but are dissolved in organic solvents that are non-polar in nature are termed lipids. They are a long chain of fatty acids and esters of alcohols. Lipids are generally seen in several plants, microorganisms, and animals. They are utilized as insulation, components of the cell membrane, hormones, and molecules for the storage of energy.
Glycerophospholipid
Glycerophospholipid is the most abundantly occuring phospholipids found in the biological membranes. Lipids include a group of organic compounds like fats, hormones, oils, waxes, vitamins etc. They are non-polar molecules and are insoluble in water. Lipids play an important role in biological systems. They are the building blocks of our cell membranes, store energy and are involved in signaling.
Structure Of Camphor
A terpene with the molecular formula of C10H16O is a waxy, white color solid known as camphor. It is flammable. It also possesses a very pungent taste and a strong odor. There are various sources for extracting camphor from natural products such as the wood of the tree of camphor laurel. Sublimation of wood and steam distillation are some of the methods involved in obtaining camphor.
Glycolipid In Organic Chemistry
Glycolipids are lipids that are an important class of organic compounds in chemistry that have simple to complex applications. They contain carbohydrates, fatty acids, sphingolipids or a glycerol group. In other words, they are the modifications of lipids like acylglycerols, prenols and ceramides. They are all part of a wider group of compounds known as glycoconjugates.
Diterpenoid
The terpenoid class includes diterpenoids, which are chemical compounds with 20 carbon atoms. They are made up of four isoprene units and are derived from geranylgeraniol, a C20 precursor. They have a C20H32 basic structure. These characteristics distinguish diterpenoids from simple terpenes, which have just 10 carbon atoms.
Show how you would synthesize each compound, starting with an ester containing no
more than eight carbon atoms. Any other necessary reagents may be used.
(e) PhCH2OH (f) PhCOOH
Esters are the organic compound that have been formed by replacement of –OH group of carboxylic acid with –OR group. The general representation of esters is RCOOR or RCOOR’. Here, R and R’ are the alkyl groups.
(e) Esters can be reduced to alcohols only by a strong reducing agent. Thus, LiAlH4 can be effective in conversion of esters to alcohols.
Therefore, the preparation of phenylmethanol that is benzyl alcohol is done from methyl benzoate by the reduction of later with LiAlH4.
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