The cross-sectional area of plastic tubing for use in pulmonary resuscitators is normally distributed with mean 12mm² and standard deviation 0.5mm². A random sample of 12 tubes is selected for inspection. a) What is the probability that one of the tubes has a cross-sectional area less than 11.5mm²? b) What is the probability that the sample mean of the tubes is more than 11.5mm²? c) Of the 12 tubes samples, how many would you expect to have a cross- sectional area less than 11.5mm²? d) What is the probability that exactly half of the tubes sampled have a cross- sectional area less than 11.5mm²?

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.