Suppose that the inverse demand and supply fuctions for ethanol are: P = 22-2Qd, P = 2+2Qs, where P is the price of ethanol in USD/gallon and Q is quantity of ethanol in million gallons. The government imposes a subsidy equal to s = 4 USD/gallon.
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- Who should pay the tax? The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Paideia. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10 , and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150 . Suppose the federal government of Paideia has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that hay the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these thret proposal5; Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers feld (inibialy set at adro dallars per hour) shilts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Leviod on workers fieid (initially set at acro dollas per bour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount your enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tar proposal, adjust the amcunt in the wage field unbil the quantity of labor supplied…Governments often place so-called sin taxes on goods or services such as cigarettes and alcohol. These kinds of taxes are popular with politicians because they are usually more palatable to voters than income taxes. To understand the effect of such a tax, consider the monthly market for rum, which is shown on the following graph. NOTE: the fill in blank options are (increases by a greater and greater amount, increases and then decreases, or increases at a constant rate)The government has introduced an excise duty of 10 percent on mealie meal. This essentially means the price of mealie meal, an essential item in most households, has increased by 10 percent. As the chief economist responsible for managing a social protection programme, you have been asked to make a proposal on how you can minimise the adverse effect of the excise duty on low income households. Using your knowledge of compensating or equivalent variation, show how you would ensure that these households are protected from such a measure. Would Lump sum taxes be better than unit (ad valorem or percentage) taxes in this context?
- True or false: Granting subsidy on food will increase social welfare. Explain your answer with a graph.Suppose the California legislature passed a sweeping law to lower the number of regulations for building homes such as decreasing the parking requirements and setback requirements. Suppose there is a housing tax. What is the effect of this law on the PES for housing? What effect would this law have on the tax burden for buyers?Suppose the rent control (price ceiling) in California will be nullified for a year and that market rents will now be institutionalized. Assume that all apartment units are of identical structure and so are offered at the same rent. To address the plight of the residents, especially those who may be unable to pay the market rent, an income subsidy will be given to all low-income households equal to the difference between the old controlled rent and the new market rent. In a diagram, show the effect on the market for apartments the elimination of rent control. What will happen to the quality and quantity of rental housing supplied by the apartment owners? Use another diagram to show the additional effect of the income subsidy on the apartment market. What effect does it have on the market rental and quantity of apartments supplied in comparison to your answers to (a) Are the renters or tenants better or worse off as a result of these policies? What about the rentees or the landlords,…
- Suppose the rent control (price ceiling) in California will be nullified for a year and that market rents will now be institutionalized. Assume that all apartment units are of identical structure and so are offered at the same rent. To address the plight of the residents, especially those who may be unable to pay the market rent, an income subsidy will be given to all low-income households equal to the difference between the old controlled rent and the new market rent. In a diagram, show the effect on the market for apartments the elimination of rent control. What will happen to the quality and quantity of rental housing supplied by the apartment owners?Suppose that the supply and demand corn corn are given by the inverse functions: P = 20 - 2Qd and P = 4 + 2Qs where P is the price for corn in USD/bu and Q is quantity of corn in billion bu. A price support is enacted equal to 14 USD/bu of corn. a. Conduct a complete welfare analysis of a price support, assuming that a surplus exists, but the government DOES buy the surplus. Use both numbers and graphs. b. Now suppose that the government wants to use a production quota to achieve the same objectives as the price support. Explain the likely outcome of the production quota, and its probability of success in meeting the objectives in today's global agricultural economy.The equations below represent the inverse demand and supply curves for construction workers in Small City. Quantities are given in thousands of hours. pD= 75 − 2q, ps= 0.5qThe price and quantity of equilibrium in this market are p*= 15 and q*= 30. The city decides to establish a minimum wage (in effect, a price floor) equal to pf= 18. a. Do a welfare analysis comparing the equilibrium before and after the price floor. b. A neighboring city, called Big City, is going through a housing boom and has a high demand for construction workers. Big City is willing to hire as many hours of construction work as Small City can provide for a wage equal to Small City’s minimum wage (pf= 18). How does the hiring of Small City hourly construction workers by Big City developers affects total welfare in Small City? c. Assume that the minimum wage was removed from Small City, but Big City is still hiring all construction workers willing to work for $18/hour. Social norm dictates that construction workers…
- which statement is correct A result of welfare economics is that the price of a product is considered to be the best price because it maximizes total surplus. A seller would be willing to sell a product only if the price received is less than the cost of production. Suppose that the equilibrium wage in the labor market is $8.00 per hour of labor. If a law increased the minimum wage from $7.25 to $10.00 per hour of labor, any possible increase in producer surplus would be smaller than the loss of consumer surplus. In a market, for any given quantity, the price on a demand curve represents the marginal buyer's willingness to pay.Are the statements true or false. please correct my ansers and justify Suppose that at the equilibrium price of $50, the equilibrium quantity is 400 units and consumer surplus is $8,000. If the equilibrium price falls to $40 and the equilibrium quantity increased to 450 units then consumer surplus increases by $4,500. FALSE If the existing market price is more than equilibrium, then total surplus would increase if the price decreased and moved to its market equilibrium. TRUE A result of welfare economics is that the price of a product is considered to be the best price because it maximizes total surplus. FALSE Suppose that the equilibrium wage in the labor market is $8.00 per hour of labor. If a law increased the minimum wage from $7.25 to $10.00 per hour of labor, any possible increase in producer surplus would be smaller than the loss of consumer surplus. TRUESuppose the rent control (price ceiling) in California will be nullified for a year and that market rents will now be institutionalized. Assume that all apartment units are of identical structure and so are offered at the same rent. To address the plight of the residents, especially those who may be unable to pay the market rent, an income subsidy will be given to all low-income households equal to the difference between the old controlled rent and the new market rent. Use another diagram to show the additional effect of the income subsidy on the apartment market. What effect does it have on the market rental and quantity of apartments supplied in comparison to your answers to