The accounting records of Uniontown Industries, Inc., provided the data below for the year ended December 31, 2020: Sales $1,000,000 Cost of goods sold 500,000 Depreciation expense 15,000 Insurance expense 6,000 Selling, general and administrative expenses 140,000 Interest expense 20,000 Income tax expense 125,000 Net income 194,000 Decrease in inventory 2,000 Increase in accounts receivable 1,400 Amortization of bond discount 5,000 Decrease in prepaid insurance 300 Cash dividends paid 20,000 Required: In good form, prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows for 2020 using the direct method. Show all work for partial credit.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
The accounting records of Uniontown Industries, Inc., provided the data below for the year ended
December 31, 2020:
Sales $1,000,000
Cost of goods sold 500,000
Depreciation expense 15,000
Insurance expense 6,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses 140,000
Interest expense 20,000
Income tax expense 125,000
Net income 194,000
Decrease in inventory 2,000
Increase in accounts receivable 1,400
Amortization of bond discount 5,000
Decrease in prepaid insurance 300
Cash dividends paid 20,000
Required: In good form, prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows for 2020
using the direct method. Show all work for partial credit.
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