Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Transcribed Image Text:### Valence Electron Configuration for Main-Group Elements
The following Lewis diagram represents the valence electron configuration of a main-group element.
**X\textsuperscript{•}**
- **This element is in group**: _______
- **According to the octet rule, this element would be expected to form a(n)**: _______ (dropdown menu) with a charge of __________.
- **If X is in period 3, the ion formed has the same electron configuration as the noble gas**: _______.
- **The symbol for the ion is**: _______.
### Explanation of the Diagram
The given Lewis diagram shows a single electron (denoted by the dot) around the element symbol "X". This indicates that element X has one valence electron.
1. **Group**: The number of valence electrons can help determine the group of the element in the periodic table.
2. **Octet Rule**: According to the octet rule, elements tend to form ions that result in a full outer shell of electrons, similar to the nearest noble gas configuration.
3. **Period 3**: If the element is in period 3, we can look at the noble gases in that period to determine the stable electron configuration.
4. **Ion Symbol**: Based on the number of electrons gained or lost to achieve a noble gas configuration, we can deduce the ion and its charge.
 **:**
- This refers to identifying the group in the periodic table where this element belongs. Groups in the periodic table hold elements with similar properties, including the same number of valence electrons.
2. **According to the octet rule, this element would be expected to form a(n)**  **with a charge of**  **:**
- The octet rule states that elements tend to form compounds in ways that give them eight valence electrons, achieving a stable configuration similar to noble gases. This question asks what kind of ion the element would form to fulfill the octet rule.
3. **If X is in period 4, the ion formed has the same electron configuration as the noble gas**  **:**
- Periods in the periodic table correspond to the number of electron shells. This question asks which noble gas's electron configuration the ion would resemble if it is in period 4.
4. **The symbol for the ion is**  **:**
- This requires you to denote the symbol of the ion after it has gained or lost electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration.
#### Detailed Explanation:
- **Element and Group Identification:**
- The dot indicates there is 1 valence electron.
- Elements with one valence electron are typically found in Group 1 of the periodic table, also known as the alkali metals.
- **Octet Rule and Charge Formation:**
- To satisfy the octet rule, elements in Group 1 usually lose one electron to form a +1 charged ion (cation).
- **Noble Gas Configuration:**
- If the element is in period 4, losing one electron would lead to the electron configuration of the noble gas in period 3, which is Argon (Ar).
- **Ion Symbol:**
- The element X would lose one electron and](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/9ee6479a-9360-421e-a0d3-69e759864a42/0dd3c85d-c96b-4635-9481-860678125680/m2stwls.jpeg)
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Lewis Diagrams
The following Lewis diagram represents the valence electron configuration of a main-group element.
```
X•
```
In this diagram:
- "X" represents the element.
- The dot (•) represents a single valence electron.
#### Questions:
1. **This element is in group**  **:**
- This refers to identifying the group in the periodic table where this element belongs. Groups in the periodic table hold elements with similar properties, including the same number of valence electrons.
2. **According to the octet rule, this element would be expected to form a(n)**  **with a charge of**  **:**
- The octet rule states that elements tend to form compounds in ways that give them eight valence electrons, achieving a stable configuration similar to noble gases. This question asks what kind of ion the element would form to fulfill the octet rule.
3. **If X is in period 4, the ion formed has the same electron configuration as the noble gas**  **:**
- Periods in the periodic table correspond to the number of electron shells. This question asks which noble gas's electron configuration the ion would resemble if it is in period 4.
4. **The symbol for the ion is**  **:**
- This requires you to denote the symbol of the ion after it has gained or lost electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration.
#### Detailed Explanation:
- **Element and Group Identification:**
- The dot indicates there is 1 valence electron.
- Elements with one valence electron are typically found in Group 1 of the periodic table, also known as the alkali metals.
- **Octet Rule and Charge Formation:**
- To satisfy the octet rule, elements in Group 1 usually lose one electron to form a +1 charged ion (cation).
- **Noble Gas Configuration:**
- If the element is in period 4, losing one electron would lead to the electron configuration of the noble gas in period 3, which is Argon (Ar).
- **Ion Symbol:**
- The element X would lose one electron and
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