The goal of most gene therapies is to insert a healthy copy of a gene into the genome. Besides CRISPR, techniques for integrating DNA into the genome do not target that DNA to a particular genomic location and thus different cells end up with the DNA sequence in different positions. A. It has been shown that where the healthy gene integrates is heavily influenced by chromatin. Why?

The goal of most gene therapies is to insert a healthy copy of a gene into the genome. Besides CRISPR, techniques for integrating DNA into the genome do not target that DNA to a particular genomic location and thus different cells end up with the DNA sequence in different positions. A. It has been shown that where the healthy gene integrates is heavily influenced by chromatin. Why?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter15: Genomes And Genomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14QP

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The goal of most gene therapies is to insert a healthy copy of a gene into the genome. Besides CRISPR, techniques for integrating DNA into the genome do not target that DNA to a particular genomic location and thus different cells end up with the DNA sequence in different positions. A. It has been shown that where the healthy gene integrates is heavily influenced by chromatin. Why? B. The same gene integrated into different locations in the genome will be expressed differently. Why? C. Over time the expression of an integrated gene will change, usually decreasing. Describe how you think the cell downregulates expression of an integrated gene.
Mutations in the CFTR gene result in cystic fibrosis in humans, a conditions in which abnormal secretions are present in the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands. The gene was mapped to a 500-kb region on chromosome 7 containing 3 candidate genes. a)Using your knowledge of the disease symptoms, how would you distinguish between the candidate genes to decide which is most likely to encode the CFTR gene? b)How would you prove that your chosen candidate is the CFTR gene?
Could quantitative PCR, which uses a DNA-binding dye, to show how many copies of the target DNA sequence could be used to quantify the amount of mRNA in a cell? Would you expect that a metabolically active tissue such as the liver would show more cDNA copies in such a method, compared to less metabolically active tissues such as skin cells? One reason that the types and amounts of mRNAs are quantified in different tissue types is to compare which genes are activated and which are inactive. It used to be thought that any gene that was transcribed was automatically translated. The discovery of RNA-degrading systems shows that the real situation in cells is more complemented. Do you believe that a larger amount of mRNA of a given type, say for alpha hemoglobin in immature red blood cells is a reliable indicator that more alpha hemoglobin protein will be made in those cells?
After Drosophila DNA has been treated with a restriction enzyme, the fragments are inserted into plasmids and selected as clones in E. coli. With the use of this “shotgun” technique, every DNA sequence of Drosophila in a library can be recovered.a. How would you identify a clone that contains DNA encoding the protein actin, whose amino acid sequence is known?b. How would you identify a clone encoding a specific tRNA?
(a) Why can there be multiple codons for an amino acid? Why would this have evolved? (b) What is the advantage of Illumina Next Generation Sequencing?
Why can the transcriptome not be used to predict the proteome with complete accuracy? a. It cannot be sequenced like the genome can be. b. The transcriptome is too dynamic to be used to make predictions. c. Not all genes are transcribed. d. Many transcripts are alternatively spliced to produce different proteins.
the most efficient general strategy for whole genome sequencing is ? (a) double the coding sequence after sequencing the proteins (b) shotgun sequence and assemble based on overlaps (c) identify mutations that affect glycolysis (d) obtain recombinant DNA clone maps before starting the sequencing (e) obtain comprehensive SNP maps before determining the order of DNA clone
a. What is the purpose of molecular cloning?b. What purpose do selectable markers serve in vectors?c. What is the purpose of the origin of replication in aplasmid vector?d. Why do cloning vectors have polylinkers?
Suppose you are a research assistant in a lab studying dna-binding proteins. you have been given the amino acid sequences of all the proteins encoded by the genome of a certain species and have been asked to find candidate proteins that could bind dna. what type of amino acids would you expect to see in the dna-binding regions of such proteins?
a. What sequence information about a gene is lackingin a cDNA library?b. Can clones in a cDNA library contain 5′ UTR sequences? 3′ UTR sequences?c. Would you be likely to find on average longerORFs in cloned sequences from a genomic libraryor from a cDNA library? Explain
A biology professor at a prestigious university stated to his introductory class that "Today, a basic understanding of DNA and genetics is as important as a basic understanding of computers and the internet."Based upon what you have learned about DNA and gene expression in this module, how could you make a case to support this statement?
Xeroderma pigmentosum is a genetic disease caused by an error in the nucleotide excision repair process that fixes damage to DNA by ultraviolet light. Studies have shown that it can result from mutations in any one of seven genes. What can you infer from this finding? A) There are seven genes that produce the same protein B) These seven genes are the most easily damaged by ultraviolet light. C) There are seven enzymes involved in the nucleotide excision repair process. D) These mutations have resulted from translocation of gene segments.