The graph in Figure 1 shows the changes in pressure that takes place in the left side of the heart. Use the graph to calculate the heart rate in beats per minute. Show your working. 16 14 12 aorta 10 8 left ventricle left atrium 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Time/s 1.0 FIGURE 1 . In terms of pressure, explain why the valve between the left ventricle and Aorta opens at time T. For how long is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle closed? Explain how you arrived at your answer. Explain why pulse rate and heart rate are the same. The heart rate increases during exercise. Explain clearly what causes the increase in heart rate. 4. 2. Pressure/kPa

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