The reduction of iron(III) oxide (Fe,O,) to pure iron during the first step of steelmaking, 2 Fe2O3(s)4Fe(s) + 30,(8) is driven by the high-temperature combustion of coke, a purified form of coal: C(s) + 02(g)- CO(g) Suppose at the temperature of a blast furnace the Gibbs free energies of formation AG, of CO, and Fe,02 are 438. kJ/mol and -838. kJ/mol, respectively Calculate the minimum mass of coke needed to produce 9500. kg of pure iron. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. kg ? X Explanation Check O 2019 McGraw Hill Education. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use f Prm

The reduction of iron(III) oxide (Fe,O,) to pure iron during the first step of steelmaking, 2 Fe2O3(s)4Fe(s) + 30,(8) is driven by the high-temperature combustion of coke, a purified form of coal: C(s) + 02(g)- CO(g) Suppose at the temperature of a blast furnace the Gibbs free energies of formation AG, of CO, and Fe,02 are 438. kJ/mol and -838. kJ/mol, respectively Calculate the minimum mass of coke needed to produce 9500. kg of pure iron. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. kg ? X Explanation Check O 2019 McGraw Hill Education. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use f Prm

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter16: Thermodynamics: Directionality Of Chemical Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 89QRT: Determine the standard Gibbs free energy change, rG, for the reactions of liquid methanol, of CO(g),...

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a) Describe in your own words the relationship between standard change in Gibbs free energy associated with a chemical process (∆?o) and an equilibrium constant, Keq. A ∆?o of –3.8 kJ/mol is associated with the equilibrium 2A+B⇌C+D. If A and B are initially present in 1M concentration, find the equilibrium concentrations of all species. You know this reaction to be spontaneous at all temperatures, what can you deduce about the signs of the changes in enthalpy and entropy associated with this process? Why?
The standard free energy of the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP: ATP (aq) → ADP (aq) + (aq) phosphate in solution is ∆G^0 = -313kJ/mol at 37˚C, 1 atm, all solutes are in their standard states at 1 mol/L Assume ideal solution behaviour.a) For a ratio of ATP to ADP of 10, what must be the concentration of phosphate to obtain ∆G = -40.0 kJ/mol for the hydrolysis?b) If the ratio of ATP to ADP is 10, what is the concentration of phosphate at equilibrium? What do you conclude from your answer (i.e., is the hydrolysis practical based on phosphate concentration)?
Suppose a certain small bird has a mass of 30 g. What is the minimum mass of glucose that it must consume to fly to a branch 10 m above the ground? The change in Gibbs energy that accompanies the oxidation of 1.0 mol C6H12O6(s) to carbon dioxide and water vapour at 25 °C is -2828 kJ.
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Coiled coils are protein domains that lead to the formation of multimers (dimers,trimers, tetramers, etc.). They are found in a wide range of proteins. Here we willconsider the trimerization reaction. We may write the chemical equilibrium as3 M(aq) ⇄ T(aq)where M and T represent, respectively, the monomer and trimer species. Given that∆rG0 = −25.00 kJ mol−1 at 37 0C (with the standard state the normal one for reactionsin solution, namely c0 = 1.0 mol dm−3):A) What is the equilibrium constant for the formation of the trimer at 37 0C? B) Suppose that in a particular experiment at 37.00 0C the initial concentrations ofthe monomer if [M]0 = 2.00×10−2 µM and the initial concentration of the trimeris also [T]0 = 2.00 × 10−2 µM. What is ∆rG for the formation of the trimer atthe specified temperature? C) For the conditions given in part (B) will trimers spontaneously convert to monomers?Give a very short justification of your answer. D) Suppose that ∆rH0 and ∆rS0 are independent of the…
The change in Gibbs energy that accompanies the combustion of C6H12O6(s) to carbon dioxide and water vapour at 25 °c is -2828 kJ mol-1. The potential energy of an object of mass m at a height h, relative to that at the Earth's surface is given by mgh, where g = 9.81 m s-2 is the acceleration of freefall. How much glucose does a person of mass 65 kg need to consume to climb through 10m?
The standard enthalpies of formation, at 25.00 oC, of methanol (CH4O(l)), water (H2O(l)), and carbon dioxide (CO2(g)) are -238.7 kJ/mol, -285.8 kJ/mol, and -393.5 kJ/mol respectively. Calculate the change in surrounding entropy (in J/K) during combustion of 12.7 g of methanol under a constant pressure of 1,000 atm at 25.00 oC (N.B., combustion is the reaction of a substance with molecular oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide).
Gibbs free energy (G�) is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It is the chemical potential for a reaction, and is minimized at equilibrium. It is defined as G=H−TS�=�−�� where H� is enthalpy, T� is temperature, and S� is entropy. The chemical reaction that causes magnesium to corrode in air is given by 2Mg+O2→2MgO2Mg+O2→2MgO in which at 298 K, ΔH∘rxn = −1204 kJΔ�rxn∘ = −1204 kJ and ΔS∘rxn = −217.1 J/KΔ�rxn∘ = −217.1 J/K. Part A Part complete What is the standard Gibbs free energy for this reaction? Assume the commonly used standard reference temperature of 298 K. Part B What is the Gibbs free energy for this reaction at 5958 KK ? Assume that ΔHΔ� and ΔSΔ� do not change with temperature. Express your answer to two decimal places and include the appropriate units. Part C At what temperature Teq�eq do the forward and reverse corrosion reactions occur in equilibrium? Express your answer as an integer and include the appropriate units.
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The standard enthalpies of formation, at 25.00 oC, of methanol (CH4O(l)), water (H2O(l)), and carbon dioxide (CO2(g)) are, respectively, -238.7 kJ/mol, -285.8 kJ/mol, and -393.5 kJ/mol. Calculate the change in the entropy of the surroundings (in J/K) upon the combustion of 14.0 g of methanol under a constant pressure of 1.000 atm and a temperature of 25.00 oC. N.B. combustion is the reaction of this substance with molecular oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide.
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