Waste & dead matter Heat द -COMPOSERS Heat Heat Heat Heat Quaternary consumers Tertiary consumers Secondary consumers Primary consumers Primary producers ↑ Light energy 2 kcal/m²/yr 20 kcal/m²/yr 200 kcal/m²/yr 1 whes 2,000 kcal/m²/yr 1 20,000 kcal/m²/yr Energy stored as biomass

Waste & dead matter Heat द -COMPOSERS Heat Heat Heat Heat Quaternary consumers Tertiary consumers Secondary consumers Primary consumers Primary producers ↑ Light energy 2 kcal/m²/yr 20 kcal/m²/yr 200 kcal/m²/yr 1 whes 2,000 kcal/m²/yr 1 20,000 kcal/m²/yr Energy stored as biomass

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter46: Ecosystems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1VCQ: Figure 46.8 Why do you think the value for gross productivity of the primary producers is the same...

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Concept explainers

Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.

Question

1. Identify an aspect of the diagram above that illustrates the First Law of Thermodynamics. 2. Identify an aspect of the diagram above that illustrates the Second Law of Thermodynamics. 3. Identify the system shown in the diagram above as being open, closed, or isolated. Justify your answer. 4. Analvze the resilience of the ecosystem shown in the diagram above.

Waste &
dead
matter
Heat
{
DECOMPOSERS
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
~
Quaternary consumers
Tertiary consumers
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Primary producers
↑
Light energy
2 kcal/m²/yr
20 kcal/m²/yr
200 kcal/m²/yr
1
2,000 kcal/m²/yr
1
20,000 kcal/m²/yr
Energy stored
as biomass

Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.

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