what are key reactions involved in seperation of liquid mixtures by simple and fractional distillation and gas chromatography? chemicals used: 10ml 1:1 mixture of ethyl and butyl acetate techniques: simple and fractional distillation, gas chromatography. target molecules: Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 Butyl acetate C6H12O2
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what are key reactions involved in seperation of liquid mixtures by simple and fractional distillation and gas chromatography?
chemicals used: 10ml 1:1 mixture of ethyl and butyl acetate
techniques: simple and fractional distillation, gas chromatography.
target molecules: Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 Butyl acetate C6H12O2
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- Below are the gas chromatography results of two separate distillations of the same 1:1 mixture of ethanol and 1-butanol. One sample was obtained from the first fraction of a simple distillation and one sample was obtained from the first fraction of a fractional distillation. Identify the peaks in the chromatographs. Discuss the conclusions you can make regarding simple distillation compared with fractional distillation. Which method was more successful?Please answer Questions 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 (GC Gas Chromatography) 5-2. A sample mixture of ethyl benzoate (bp 212 Celsius) and dodecane (bp 216.2 Celsius) is injected on two GC columns.Column A has DC710 silicone oil as the stationary phase, and column B uses polyethylene glycol as the stationaryphase. Which substance would be certain to elute first from column A and would the same material be expected toelute first from column B? Which column, A or B, would be expected to give the better separation of these two substances? 5-3. Question 5-2 refers to separating a mixture of two high boiling liquids by gas chromatography. These materials havesimilar boiling points. List several GC variables and conditions that would make it easier to separate thesesubstances by gas chromatography. 5-4. Capillary GC columns have better resolution than packed columns even though the enormous surface area provided by the packing material is absent in capillary columns. Why? 5-5. Preparative GC requires…A brewed tea brand sample was subjected to solvent extraction to extract caffeine. The cup of tea measuring 200 mL was extracted with petroleum ether. With KD = 20.0 (caffeine in pet ether-water), the % caffeine (194.10) extracted after 3 extractions with a total of 75.0 mL pet ether used is: A. 97.7% B. 28.6% C. 71.4% D. 2.33%
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- Gas chromatography was used to analyse for residues of toxic solvents, including benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), in a pharmaceutical preparation. The following conditions were used: Column: 30 m long capillary with polysiloxane stationary phaseCarrier gas: He at 35 cm s–1 constant flowOven program: 40 °C at t = 0, increasing at 10 °C min–1 to 240 °C at t = 20 min. Detector: flame ionisation (FID) Benzene eluted with retention time = 11.5 min, peak width = 0.26 min 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) eluted with retention time = 11.8 min, peak width = 0.28 min (i) What are the strengths and limitations of the flame ionisation detector in this application, compared with other possible methods of detection? (ii) What is the resolution, RS, for the separation of benzene and DCE on this column? (iii) Suggest two ways by which the resolution of benzene and DCE might be improved. Explain your choices.Consider the following statements as they apply to gas chromatography. Decide if each is true or false. 1. ___ Temperature programming is necessary only for samples containing compounds with a narrow range of boiling points. 2. ___ GC carrier gases are generally inert gases like helium and nitrogen. 3. ___ The injection port temperature should be set at the average boiling point of all analytes. 4. ___ An FID is a mass-sensitive detector, not a concentration-sensitive device. 5. ___ An air peak is commonly used to determine the dead time when using an FID detector.10g coffee 4g sodium carbonate 40m dichloromethane 160ml distilled water coffee filter What are the principles behind caffeine being extracted from coffee using the above items? 1st sodium carbonate mixed with coffee then brought to a boil for 20min then solution/grinds are filtered. Then solution is added to a separatory funnel with 15ml of dichloromethane and two layers are observed so the bottom layer with DCM contains the caffeine, then this layer is collected in a beaker and dried out using molecular seeds. Then the solvent is brought to a boil with crude caffeine remaining and recystallized using 95% ethanol and brought to a boil again. Then the contents are vaccum filtered and allowed to dry resulting in 30mg caffeine.