What would be the effect of a mutation that inactivates the p14ARF tumor suppressor upon p53 functions?

Q: How can the role of epigenetics in cancer be reconciled with the idea that cancer is caused by the…

A: Epigenetics is the study of various alterations in an organism occurred because of certain gene…

Q: Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ?…

A: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) is a type of stem cell(pluripotent) in nature that is derived…

Q: Explain how p53 functions as a tumor suppressor gene. How can mutations in p53 lead to cancer, and…

A: Normal cell has low level of p53 protein. When DNA damage or other stress signals may trigger p53…

Q: Is the presence of oncogenic Ras necessary for transient inflammatory stimulation to induce chronic…

A: Cancer is disease in which there is uncontrolled proliferation of cell.  In organisms, cell…

Q: What enzyme is upregulated in cancer that overcomes cell senescence?

A: Various type of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes regulate senescence in normal cell.…

Q: A normally functioning gene that regulates the cell cycle by stopping cell division is most likely…

A: Question - A normally functioning gene that regulates the cell cycle by stopping cell division is…

Q: Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ?…

A: Genetic transformation happens when the genetic composition of an organism is transformed by the…

Q: What significance do BRCA1 and BRCA2 have in regard to developing cancer, and what types of cancer…

A: BRCA 1 & BRCA 2 are found pair in all the organisms where one gene is obtained from each of the…

Q: why EGFR play a role in CRC and other cancer?

A: EGFR : It is epidermis growth factor receptor.  CRC:  Colorectal cancer. EGFR : It is one of the…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote the cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the…

Q: The p53 gene encodes a tumor-suppressor protein, p53, which acts as a transcription factor for…

A: Answer. Genes for which a gain of function mutation drives a cell towards cancer are called proto…

Q: Explain why mutations in tumor suppressor genes are recessive (both copies of the gene must be…

A: Mutation in an organism is defined as a permanent alteration of “nucleotide sequences”. The…

Q: Explain how mutations in oncogenes and in tumor suppressorgenes cause cancer.

A: Cancer is a group of diseases that involves abnormal growth of the cell. These cells have the…

Q: Although tobacco smoking is responsible for a large number of human cancers, not all smokers develop…

A: Cancer refers to the uncontrolled cell division caused by the mutations in the genes which control…

Q: What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressorgene? Give two examples of each…

A: Cancer is defined as the biological disorder in which the cells undergo uncontrolled growth and cell…

Q: The myc oncogene increases expression of the glutamine transporter and glutaminase that converts…

A: Cancer is a disease defined by the uncontrolled development of a group of abnormal cells that can…

Q: The normal copies of tumor-suppressor genes encode proteins that have which three types of…

A: A tumour suppressor gene also known as anti-oncogene is a gene that is responsible to regulate the…

Q: illustrate some of the molecular mechanisms leading from loss-of-function mutations in…

A: Tumor suppressing genes also known as Anti - oncogenes are the  regulatory genes which regulates…

Q: . Explain why mutations in oncogenes are generally dominant while those in tumor suppressor genes…

A: Proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes are two types of gene essential for the control of cell…

Q: Compare the usual functions of proteins encoded by proto-oncogeneswith those of proteins encoded by…

A: Proteins are macromolecules formed by the long chain of amino acids. They are involved in a wide…

Q: An individual can inherit a gene in which expression has been altered by an ________ change with no…

A:

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. To become cancer promoting, do…

A: Oncogene is a type of gene having the ability which can develop a cell to a tumor cell when…

Q: In some cancer cells, a specific gene has been duplicated many times. Is this gene likely to be an…

A: Cancer is an uncontrolled division of cell that has a defunct apoptosis mechanism. Usually, when…

Q: Explain why p53 is mutated in the vast majority of human cancers.

A: Any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in multiple animals, such as TP53 and Trp53, is…

Q: Describe the underlying causes of epigenetic changes associated with cancer.

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Describe the effects of the mutation causing the p21 promoter to no longer bind p53 on cell…

A: p53 is a tumor suppressor gene but if p53 gets mutated then this protein is not able to bind to the…

Q: Explain the difference between proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor mutations in terms of its…

A: Cancer is a medical condition that is characterized by the growth of tumors in the body of an…

Q: Most forms of cancer involvea. the activation of a single oncogene.b. the inactivation of a single…

A: The medical condition of cancer is characterized by the abnormal growth pattern of the cells…

Q: How does the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contribute to tumorigenesis and disease…

A: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be a method within which epithelial cells acquire…

Q: Can restoring tumor suppressor function, such as mutant p53 or pRb, be used to cure cancer? If…

A: The Cell division is the process through which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells.…

Q: Apart from p53, mention and describe the function of three tumor suppressor genes you know

A: The cancer related genes can be divided into two broad categories like the proto-oncogenes and tumor…

Q: What role do aurora kinase play in the cell cycle and how would using these kinases as target  for…

A: A particular series of events undertaken in proper time frame inside different types of cells when…

Q: Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of tumor-suppressor gene? a)…

A: Cells that progress through the cell cycle unchecked may sequentially develop malignant tumors.…

Q: Explain how epigenetic changes can contribute to tumorigenesis.

A: Tumors are clumps of cells formed by uncontrollable cell division. Tumorigenesis is the uncontrolled…

Q: Please explain the regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins in cell death?

A: BCL-2 family proteins are the controllers of apoptosis, yet additionally have different functions to…

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes versus tumor-suppressorgenes.

A: Cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can be treated by chemotherapy and…

Q: Why does a single mutation in a proto-oncogene, turning it into an oncogene potentially lead to a…

A: Proto- oncogene Activation of a proto- oncogene into an oncogene usually includes gain of function…

Q: If a particular proto-oncogene has been altered by mutation into an oncogene such that it is…

A: Proto oncogenes are the genes which are inactivated in normal cell but when they get activated, it…

Q: a. How could you use sequence analysis to determine if this patient inherited the mutation from one…

A: There are various diagnostic technique used to diagnose cancer and they are:- Biopsy, Breast MRI,…

Q: How do BRCA1 and BRCA2 function in regard to cell proliferation (are they proto-oncogenes,…

A: jjBRCA proteins play an important role in a variety of biological functions. In response to DNA…

Q: Cellular levels of tumor suppressor protein p53 is maintained by a ubiquitin ligase protein, called…

A: From the above information, we can make the following inferences - 1. p53, as indicated in the…

Q: What is haploinsufficiency? How might it affect cancer risk?

A: The term in genetics that explains the function of the dominant gene in the representation of…

Q: Would a drug that induced apoptosis or one that induced necrosis be preferable for treatment of…

A: INTRODUCTION Flowcytometry Flowcytometry is a technique that simultaneously measures and analyse…

Q: Describe the genetic changes that convert proto-oncogenesinto oncogenes or inactivate…

A: Oncogenes can be defined as the genes which induce cancer in the organisms. These genes encode the…

Q: Discuss the challenges of producing anticancer drugs that counteract the effects of mutations in…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that decline the cell division process, acts in programmed cell…

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.