What would the effect be if there was a substitution of one nucleotide for another?

Q: How is the information in the DNA interpreted into a functional protein,such as an enzyme?

A: Deoxyribonucleic or DNA can be described as the complex biomolecule that contains biological…

Q: What is the difference between a deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) and a dideoxynucleotide…

A: dNTPs are also called deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate. Each dNTPs are made up of a phosphate group,…

Q: Does changing the sequence of nucleotides always result in a different amino acid sequence? Explain.

A: Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins, They are encoded by specific sequences of…

Q: Describe three outcomes of base substitutions.

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Is it possible to have a mutation in nucleotide four that would produce the same amino acid? If yes…

A: A nucleotide is an organic molecule that is the building block of DNA and RNA.They also have…

Q: If the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-G-C-C-T-A on an informational strand mutated and became…

A: A point mutation or substitution is a form of genetic mutation where a 1 single nucleotide base is…

Q: How many by-product water molecules are produced during the formation of the trinucleotide from…

A: Nucleotides are the basic units of the nucleic acids, which is the genetic material of almost all…

Q: a. d(pAACGTCTC) b. pGUAACUGC

A: Oligonucleotides are the short DNA or Rna molecules known as oligomers.

Q: What is BAC DNA?

A: A vector in molecular biology is a DNA molecule that is used to carry the foreign genetic material…

Q: Why are proteases added while isolating the DNA?

A: Proteases are a group of enzymes which break the proteins into peptides and amino acids.

Q: Which is the most deleterious type of amino acid substitution? Explain.

A: Amino acid substitutions are due to mutations in the the DNA that codes for the mRNA.  These…

Q: If a bacterial protein is 3,300 amino acids long, how many nucleotidepairs long is the gene sequence…

A: Introduction  Genome consists of DNA/RNA which consists of nucleotides either deoxyribose…

Q: Which form of flavin adenine dinucleotide is the "reduced" form, FAD or FADH2? Explain

A: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide: It is a redox active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which…

Q: Why is the α-helix so prevalent?

A: The primary structure is formed by the sequence of amino acids forming a polypeptide chain, linked…

Q: Why are the activated nucleotides in nucleic acid polymerization reactions 5’-triphosphates?

A: According to the question, we have to explain the reason for the activated nucleotides in nucleic…

Q: What function does a guanine nucleotide exchange factor(GEF) serve?

A: Small GTPases or small G-protein is a type of hydrolase enzyme found in the cytosol of the cell.…

Q: If the DNA gene is TAC GGT TTA CAG, which amino acids will be put together?

A:

Q: Provide an explanation for why in DNA, the base G is always base paired with C and A is always base…

A: DNA is a double layered structure. The double helix model is explained by Watson and Crick. The two…

Q: If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA sequence?

A: Question - If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA…

Q: Does the oxygen in the newly made ester bond come from the phosphate or from the sugar?

A: Step 1 Esters are a functional group which is characterized by a carbon bound to three other atoms:…

Q: Why does DNA twist into the B form in living cells?

A: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid which is composed of two poly nucleotide chains coil around…

Q: What is the difference between a template strand and adaughter strand of DNA?

A: DNA replication is a process that involves the formation of a new identical DNA strand from an…

Q: Why is selenocysteine called the 21st amino acid when there are many more amino acids found than the…

A: Introduction: The 21st proteinogenic amino acid is selenocysteine. It is an essential amino acid.…

Q: Vhat is a nucleotide?

A: Nucleotides are the organic molecules which consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate.

Q: What is conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides?

A: Introduction: A nucleoside and a phosphate make up nucleotides, which are organic molecules. They…

Q: How is the reading frame of a nucleotide sequence set?

A: A reading frame is a nucleotide triplet sequence that may be translated into a polypeptide and is…

Q: Which type of information about the nucleotide sequenceof the target DNA is required ?

A: Targeted sequencing is defined as a process in which there is a rapid as well as…

Q: Complete hydrolysis of nucleotides will yield to the formation of?

A: Asked : Products of Complete hydrolysis of nucleotides

Q: What would be the amino acid sequence coded for by the template strand of the DNA molecule above?

A: The complementary strand or coding strands codes for amino acid in protein synthesis.   The…

Q: Which statement is TRUE regarding the DNA ligase mechanism?

A: DNA ligases DNA ligases are the enzymes that are responsible for joining the two strands of DNA by…

Q: How is the beta-sheet different from the alpha-helix?

A: The structure of proteins have different levels of organization such as primary, secondary,…

Q: What is the significance of  Deoxyribonucleotide?

A: Deoxyribonucleotide refers to a type of nucleotide that contains the deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate…

Q: Why is a methylated base employed in DNA and not in RNA?

A: DNA and RNA are the two types of nucleic acids. Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) is present in all…

Q: what is the n-terminal AA residue? use one-letter code for amino acid

A: The N-terminal amino acid residue is the amino acid that is present in the N-terminal. For protein…

Q: Which of the following is an RNA nucleoside?

A: Nucleosides- these are the compounds which contains only sugar and base and no phosphate groups are…

Q: Can chain termination occurs at a complementary bases?

A: Yes, chain termination occurs at a complementary bases

Q: base pairing between nucleotides makes which process possible?

A: DNA replication is a complicated method in which the coiled double stranded DNA is uncoiled and a…

Q: Does changing the sequence of nucleotides always result in a different amino acid sequence? Explain

A: Amino acids are compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They serve as monomers…

Q: How long is an α-helix that contains 74 amino acids?

A: How long is an α-helix that contains 74 amino acids?

Q: What are oligonucleotides used for?

A: Oligonucleotides are short nucleic acid polymers, which is composed of 13-25 nucleotides. They are…

Q: Name the bases present in RNA. Which one of these is not present in DNA?

A: KEY WORDS :- RNA - Ribonucleic acid DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid

Q: If a polyribonucleotide contains equal amounts ofrandomly positioned adenine and uracil bases, what…

A: Polynucleotide with ribonucleotides as mononucleotides is known as a polyribonucleotide. Nucleic…

Q: Why is it not surprising that the addition of nucleotides to a growing DNA chain takes place by…

A: DNA replication, or copying of a cell's DNA, is a complicated task. There are around 3 billion base…

Q: How would the uniform 2 nm diameter of DNA be affected iftwo purines or two pyrimidines could pair…

A: DNA is called deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is found in the genome of most of the organism. DNA stores…

Q: What is the term given to a small alteration in the DNA?

A: A mutation is a change in the sequence of a gene. Mutations occur when a single DNA building block,…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.