Answered: Which of the following are stages of…

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Biology

Which of the following are stages of translation?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section13.4: Translation

Problem 3C: A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon...

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Concept explainers

Genomics

Genes are responsible for transmitting the characters located on the chromosomes from one individual to another across the generations. Genetics is the study of different genes that are involved in different functions. Genetics is a branch of biology that studies genes, genetic diversity, and heredity in living organisms. The genetic system consists of genetic notations, which is a system of signs and symbols. Genotype refers to the organism's genetic composition, and phenotype refers to the observable property of the organism.

Question

Which of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply.

a.As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide.

b.A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine.

c.When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released.

d.Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA.

e.The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon.

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Which of the following statements best describes the initiation of translation? A) The large and small ribosomal subunits scan the mRNA in the 3'–5' direction until the promoter is reached. B) A tRNA with the anticodon, AUG, enters the ribosomal complex and binds to the mRNA at the A site. C) The mRNA containing the start codon, AUG, sits at the P site and forms a complex with the corresponding tRNA, and the large and small ribosomal subunits. D) The mRNA attaches to the large ribosomal subunit and once the start codon reaches the A site, the tRNA binds and the small subunit completes the complex.
Which of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply. A. A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine. B. As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide. C. When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released. D. Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA. E. The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon.
Which of the following best describes the initiation of translation? A. The mRNA binds the large ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and an rRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. B. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the large subunit is recruited. C. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and a tRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. D. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the tRNA with methionine enters the A site.
Which of the following best describes tRNA? a. Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide b. Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes c. Used for eukaryotic RNA processing d. Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation
Which of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply. ---A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine. ---When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released. ---As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide. ---The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon. ---Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA.
The codon and anticodon are base-paired together during the process of translation. Which of the following is correct regarding the relationship between anticodon and codon? A. The tRNA anticodon UCU pairs with the AGA mRNA codon. B. The tRNA anticodon is read from the 5’ to the 3’ end. C. A tRNA anticodon can pair with only one mRNA codon. D. The mRNA codon ACG base pairs with the tRNA anticodon TGC.
1. Translation a)Explain the role of ribosomes in the process of protein translation.b. Explain the role of tRNA molecules in protein translation.c. Define the following terms:1. codon 2. anticodon. Explain how a codon is used in the process of translation.
The process of translation involves three distinct phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. Which of the following is an accurate statement of a molecular event that occurs during one of the phases? A. All phases of translation require the energy of ATP to fuel molecular processes. B. The first components to assemble in initiation are the large ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and the initiator tRNA molecule. C. A peptide bond forms between the new amino acid and the amino acid at the C-terminus of the growing polypeptide chain. D. Amino acids are added to the polypeptide chain that sits in the A site of the translation initiation complex.
Which of the following statements about translation is false? In eukaryotes, the 5' cap and the 3' poly(A) tail are involved in translation initiation. Peptidyl-transferase activity during translation is the property of a ribozyme. A base at the first position of an anticodon on the tRNA would pair with a base at the third position of the mRNA. The growing peptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the tRNA in the A site. Ribosomes move along an mRNA in the 3’ → 5' direction.
If you imagine a messenger RNA molecule in the cytoplasm of a cell, which of the following will likely affect how much protein is made by translation of this message? A. The presence of appropriate snRNPs. B. The length of the polyA tail. C. The strength of hydrogen bonds holding the mRNA to ribosomal RNA. D. The ability of the mRNA to pair with itself to form a helix-turn-helix structure.
Researchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram. Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA? A - during initiationB - during elongationC = during terminationD = during protein release
Find the events from prokaryotic translation from the list below and list them below in order, by letter, from earliest to latest during translation A. Incoming tRNA occupies the A-site B. Small ribosome binds to Shine Dalgarno sequence C. 5’ methyl cap binds small ribosome D. Large ribosome subunit binds the small ribosome subunit E. P-site tRNA peptide is attached to the amino acid of the A-site tRNA. F. f-Met tRNA binds to P site G. Small ribosomal subunit binds mRNA H. Peptide released from complex.