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Social ScienceWhich of the following diseases results in decreased strength due to failure to synthesize hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine?A. Metabolic alkalosis B. Diabetes mellitusC. Cancer D. KwashiorkorE. Scurvy F. Phenylketonuria
Which of the following diseases results in decreased strength due to failure to synthesize hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine?
A. Metabolic alkalosis B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Cancer D. Kwashiorkor
E. Scurvy F. Phenylketonuria
Expert Answer
Hydroxyproline is a non-proteinogenic amino acid, which is produced by the hydroxylation of proline amino acid, catalyzed by the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase. It is a major component of collagen protein, which found in abundance in human skin.
Hydroxylysine is an amino acid, which formed after the post-translational hydroxy modification of lysine. Just like hydroxyproline, it is widely found in the collagen structure.
Option (E) is scurvy. Scurvy is a disease, which is caused due to the lack of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Its symptoms are a weakness, sore arms, and legs, and bleeding in gums and skin. Vitamin C is required in various enzymatic reactions as a cofactor. It is also used as a cofactor for prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase. As vitamin C is deficient in the body, it results in a deficiency of hydroxyproline, and hydroxylysine. These two amino acids are required for the formation of collagen. Collagen is important information of bones, muscles, skin, blood vessels, and cartilage. Therefore, defective collagen results in decreased strength in the body. Hence, this option is correct.
Option (A) is a metabolic alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis is a disease in which the pH of the tissue rises abruptly. It is the result if decreased hydrogen concentration and increased bicarbonate concentration. Hence, this option is incorrect.
Option (B) is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the body, which leads to a high blood glucose level in the body. It does not affect the collagen protein. Hence, this option is incorrect.
Option (C) is cancer. Cancer is caused due to the abnormal growth of cells in the body, which spread to oth...
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