Which of the following is an "ecological" variable, that is, an exposure or an outcome that needs to be examined using ecological study designs?   a. Percent of households in neighborhood which have incomes below federal poverty level   b. Sensitivities of residents of a city to pollens in the environment    c. Daily average alcohol consumption by adults living in a neighborhood    d. Fast food consumption levels of heart disease patients admitted in a hospital

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
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Chapter25: Human Impacts On The Biosphere
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  1. Which of the following is an "ecological" variable, that is, an exposure or an outcome that needs to be examined using ecological study designs?

      a.

    Percent of households in neighborhood which have incomes below federal poverty level

      b.

    Sensitivities of residents of a city to pollens in the environment 

      c.

    Daily average alcohol consumption by adults living in a neighborhood 

      d.

    Fast food consumption levels of heart disease patients admitted in a hospital

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