Why is it easier to see the properties of the c, b, and t quarks in mesons having composition W − or tt - rather than in baryons having a mixture of quarks, such as udb?

(a) Show than all combinations of three quarks produce integral changes. Thus baryons must have integral charge. (b) Show than all combinations at a quark and an antiquark produce only integral charges. Thus mesons must have integral change.

(a) Find the charge, baryon number, strangeness, charm, and bottomness of the particle from its quark composition. (b) Do the same for the particle.

The K0 meson is an uncharged member of the particle “zoo” that decays into two charged pions according to K0 → π+ + π−. The pions have opposite charges, as indicated, and the same mass, mπ = 140 MeV/c2. Suppose that a K0 at rest decays into two pions in a bubble chamber in which a magnetic field of 2.0 T is present (see Fig. P2.22). If the radius of curvature of the pions is 34.4 cm, find (a) the momenta and speeds of the pions and (b) the mass of the K0 meson.

One of the decay modes of the omega minus is (a) What is the change in strangeness? (b) Verify that baryon number and charge are conserved, while lepton numbers are unaffected. (c) Write the equation in terms of the constituent quarks, indicating that the weak force is responsible.

Explain how conservation of baryon number is responsible for conservation of total atomic mass (total number at nucleons) in nuclear decay and reactions.

(a) Is the decay possible considering the appropriate conservation laws? Stale why or why not. (b) Write the decay in terms of the quark constituents of the particles.

(a) Three quarks form a baryon. How many combinations of the six known quarks are there if all combinations are possible? (b) This number is less than the number of known baryons. Explain why.