You have found a putative virus which is able to infect a bacterium causing increased mortality and resistance to all antibacterial agents. You have systematically purified the sample but have an unknown concentration of viruses. You perform the following serial dilutions.
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- diameter AM=47MM TE= 27 MM both left hand side is ampicillin and right hand side is tetracycline With reference to the table below, determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of different antibiotics against coli and S.aureus. S.aureus Antimicrobial agent Interpretive categories and zone diameter breakpoints, nearest whole mm sensitive Intermediate resistant Tetracycline >19 15-18 <14Order: metoclopramide 5 mg PO Q6HPatient 30 kg; 3 years oldSupply: 5 mg/5 mLLiterature: 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg/dose up to four times per day Order: cefotaxime (Claraforan) 0.5 g IM Q6HPatient: 48 lbSupply: 300 mg/ reconstituted solutionLiterature: 100 to 200 mg/kg/day divided Q6HGeneral Instructions:Choose 1 bacteria/diseases and fill out the details. An example of an answered template is also provided for your reference. Causative Agent and Disease Profile for S. aureus Template and Example ITEM MSM PROFILE MICROBIAL PROFILE I MICROORGANISM/CAUSATIVE AGENT Staphylococcus aureus A GRAM REACTION (+) B OXYGEN REQUIREMENT Facultative Aerobes C SIZE 1.5 µm D SHAPE Cocci in clusters E HABITAT Normal flora of skin/anterior nares/pharynx F DISCOVERY G MICROSCOPIC IMAGE II DISEASE PROFILE Scalded skin syndrome A DISEASE/S Skin and Wound Infections Scalded Skin Syndrome Toxic Shock Syndrome Food Poisoning Pneumonia B SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE A high fever · Nausea and vomiting · A rash on your palms and soles that resembles a sunburn C INCUBATION PERIOD 2 and 4 hours (range 30 minutes to 8 hours) D MODE OF…
- Using your knowledge of the biology of bacteria and viruses, explain as to which is more difficult to treat with antimicrobial agents – a viral infection or a bacterial infection? Please keep brief - 8 sentences/dot points max.Discuss the danger that endotoxins pose in the medical field and the need for the LAL assay..case analysis 45 yo male presents to ER with arm pain and rash He is a Gardener Symptoms started 2 weeks ago after landscaping Denies spider/insect bite Lesions slowly tracking up right forearm, moving up above elbow Some of the lesions are beginning to rupturePatient was diagnosed with____Infection, but ER physician also wants to cover cellulitis.He was discharged with prescription for Itraconazole and Clindamycin.10 days later……Patient returns to ER. Lesions are now “necrotic, raised, tender, ulcerated, locatedon the palmar aspect of right forearm and dorsal aspect of right forearm”. Patient is then admitted.It is discovered that patient only filled prescription for Clindamycin. He said he could not afford theItraconazole prescription.Physician collected fluid from pustules and also performed punch biopsies. ‐ Both were sent to labfor aerobic, anaerobic, fungal, and AFB cultures. ‐ CBC ‐Fungal antibodies.Laboratory results:CBC: ◦WBC 11.8 H (4.0‐10.0 K/uL) ◦RBC 5.04 (4.10‐5.80…
- both left hand side is tetracycline and right hand side is ampicillin With reference to the table below, determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of different antibiotics against coli and S.aureus. Am=17mm Te=23mm E.coli Antimicrobial agent sensitive Intermediate resistant Interpretive categories and zone diameter breakpoints, nearest whole mm Ampicillin >17 14-16 <13 Tetracycline >15 12-14 <1158. The three requisites which are considered for something to be a risk factor include the following EXCEPT:A. Frequency of the disease varies bycategory or value of the factorB. Observed association must not be due toa source of error C. Risk factor must precede the onset ofdiseaseD. Risk factor promotes increased variabilityof disease59. Which determinant of health underpins most of the non-communicable diseases?A. Dietary factorsB. Environmental factors C. Immunological factorsD. Social factorsSITUATION:Mr Harry Ng, an 80-year-old male, seemingly healthy and with no coronavirus symptoms, presented to thelocal hospital three (3) days ago after a close contact with a relative diagnosed with COVID-19. Underroutine protocols, as the patient was asymptomatic on admission, the patient would not be given a ChestX-Ray. However, as he has now become symptomatic a Chest X-Ray (Figure 1) has been completed.This morning Mr Ng informs you that he could not sleep last night as he was coughing the whole night. Healso informs you that he is feeling extremely tired and cold. You notice that Mr Ng is shivering and has aproductive cough. Mr Ng also complains of pain in his right chest that intensifies with inspiration.BACKGROUNDMr Harry Ng has a history of hypertension for the last 20 years, controlled with medication. He hashyperlipidaemia for the last 10 years and a history of atrial fibrillation which was reverted six (6) monthsago. Mr Ng has no past surgical history. Mr Ng used to smoke…
- SITUATION:Mr Harry Ng, an 80-year-old male, seemingly healthy and with no coronavirus symptoms, presented to thelocal hospital three (3) days ago after a close contact with a relative diagnosed with COVID-19. Underroutine protocols, as the patient was asymptomatic on admission, the patient would not be given a ChestX-Ray. However, as he has now become symptomatic a Chest X-Ray (Figure 1) has been completed.This morning Mr Ng informs you that he could not sleep last night as he was coughing the whole night. Healso informs you that he is feeling extremely tired and cold. You notice that Mr Ng is shivering and has aproductive cough. Mr Ng also complains of pain in his right chest that intensifies with inspiration.BACKGROUNDMr Harry Ng has a history of hypertension for the last 20 years, controlled with medication. He hashyperlipidaemia for the last 10 years and a history of atrial fibrillation which was reverted six (6) monthsago. Mr Ng has no past surgical history. Mr Ng used to smoke…SITUATION:Mr Harry Ng, an 80-year-old male, seemingly healthy and with no coronavirus symptoms, presented to thelocal hospital three (3) days ago after a close contact with a relative diagnosed with COVID-19. Underroutine protocols, as the patient was asymptomatic on admission, the patient would not be given a ChestX-Ray. However, as he has now become symptomatic a Chest X-Ray (Figure 1) has been completed.This morning Mr Ng informs you that he could not sleep last night as he was coughing the whole night. Healso informs you that he is feeling extremely tired and cold. You notice that Mr Ng is shivering and has aproductive cough. Mr Ng also complains of pain in his right chest that intensifies with inspiration.BACKGROUNDMr Harry Ng has a history of hypertension for the last 20 years, controlled with medication. He hashyperlipidaemia for the last 10 years and a history of atrial fibrillation which was reverted six (6) monthsago. Mr Ng has no past surgical history. Mr Ng used to smoke…SITUATION:Mr Harry Ng, an 80-year-old male, seemingly healthy and with no coronavirus symptoms, presented to thelocal hospital three (3) days ago after a close contact with a relative diagnosed with COVID-19. Underroutine protocols, as the patient was asymptomatic on admission, the patient would not be given a ChestX-Ray. However, as he has now become symptomatic a Chest X-Ray (Figure 1) has been completed.This morning Mr Ng informs you that he could not sleep last night as he was coughing the whole night. Healso informs you that he is feeling extremely tired and cold. You notice that Mr Ng is shivering and has aproductive cough. Mr Ng also complains of pain in his right chest that intensifies with inspiration.BACKGROUNDMr Harry Ng has a history of hypertension for the last 20 years, controlled with medication. He hashyperlipidaemia for the last 10 years and a history of atrial fibrillation which was reverted six (6) monthsago. Mr Ng has no past surgical history. Mr Ng used to smoke…