Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781118516461
Author: Neil D. Jespersen, Alison Hyslop
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 0, Problem 50RQ
Sir James Chadwick, discovered the neutron. The web site for the Nobel Prize committee contains his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize he won in physics in 1935. Read the speech and draw a diagram that summarizes the experiment.
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Chapter 0 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
Ch. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.1
Using the chapter titles...Ch. 0 - Prob. 2PECh. 0 - Prob. 3PECh. 0 - Prob. 4PECh. 0 - Prob. 5PECh. 0 - Prob. 6PECh. 0 - Prob. 7PECh. 0 - Prob. 8PECh. 0 - Prob. 9PECh. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.10 Aluminum atoms have a mass...
Ch. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.11 How much heavier is the...Ch. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.12 The definition of the size...Ch. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.13 Naturally occurring boron...Ch. 0 - Practice Exercise 0.14
Neon, the gas used in neon...Ch. 0 - Prob. 1RQCh. 0 - 0.2 Knowing what we know today, which of the...Ch. 0 - 0.3 In what ways does the atomic theory affect the...Ch. 0 - Shake a few crystals of salt into your hand and...Ch. 0 - Are there any examples of crystals in nature that...Ch. 0 - 0.6 Heat is one form of energy. If a reaction...Ch. 0 - Can you think of a chemical reaction that starts...Ch. 0 - 0.8 Some large biological molecules rely on...Ch. 0 - 0.9 What elements were formed (a) during the first...Ch. 0 - Prob. 10RQCh. 0 - 0.11 What is the predominant element in the solar...Ch. 0 - Prob. 12RQCh. 0 - What physical factors caused elements and minerals...Ch. 0 - Is this separation still occurring on the earth?Ch. 0 - 0.15 What measuring devices did early chemists...Ch. 0 - 0.16 In your own words, describe how Daltons...Ch. 0 - Which of the laws of chemical combination is used...Ch. 0 - Prob. 18RQCh. 0 - Where in an atom is nearly all of its mass...Ch. 0 - What is a nucleon? Which ones have we studied?Ch. 0 - 0.21 How was the charge-to-mass ratio of the...Ch. 0 - 0.22 How did Robert Millikan determine the charge...Ch. 0 - How was the proton discovered?Ch. 0 - What experiment did Rutherford carry out to...Ch. 0 - Why dont we count the electrons when determining...Ch. 0 - Define the terms atomic number and mass number....Ch. 0 - Prob. 27RQCh. 0 - Write the symbols of the isotopes that contain the...Ch. 0 - What is wrong with the following statement? The...Ch. 0 - 0.30 The atomic number of silver, Ag, is 47 and it...Ch. 0 - A certain element X forms a compound with oxygen...Ch. 0 - Nitrogen reacts with a metal to form a compound in...Ch. 0 - Give the numbers of neutrons, protons, and...Ch. 0 - 0.34 Give the numbers of electrons, protons, and...Ch. 0 - Iodine-131 is used to treat overactive thyroids;...Ch. 0 - Prob. 36RQCh. 0 - 0.37 One chemical substance in natural gas is a...Ch. 0 - 0.38 Carbon tetrachloride contains one carbon and...Ch. 0 - If an atom of carbon-12 had been assigned a...Ch. 0 - 0.40 One atom of has a mass that is 9.0754 times...Ch. 0 - Naturally occurring copper is composed of 69.17%...Ch. 0 - Naturally occurring magnesium (one of the elements...Ch. 0 - N2O is often called nitrous oxide or laughing gas,...Ch. 0 - An element has 24 protons in its nucleus. (a)...Ch. 0 - Iron is composed of four isotopes with the...Ch. 0 - 0.46 What color are the protons, neutrons, and...Ch. 0 - 0.47 Immediately after the big bang, helium and...Ch. 0 - Prob. 48RQCh. 0 - Scientists often validate measurements, such as...Ch. 0 - Sir James Chadwick, discovered the neutron. The...
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- 2.86 For some uses, the relative abundance of isotopes must be manipulated. For example, a medical technique called boron neutron capture therapy needs a higher fraction of 10B than occurs naturally to achieve its best efficiency. What would happen to the atomic weight of a sample of boron that had been enriched in 10B? Explain your answer in terms of the concept of a weighted average.arrow_forwardMatch these by placing the correct notation in the appropriate blank. 3467Se3367As3567Br3672Kr a. Contains 33 neutrons b. Contains greatest number of neutrons c. Contains equal number of protons and neutrons d. Contains the same number of neutrons as there are protons in As-67arrow_forwardIf the volume of a proton were similar to the volume of an electron, how will the densities of these two particles compare to each other?arrow_forward
- Average Atomic Weight Part 1: Consider the four identical spheres below, each with a mass of 2.00 g. Calculate the average mass of a sphere in this sample. Part 2: Now consider a sample that consists of four spheres, each with a different mass: blue mass is 2.00 g, red mass is 1.75 g, green mass is 3.00 g, and yellow mass is 1.25 g. a Calculate the average mass of a sphere in this sample. b How does the average mass for a sphere in this sample compare with the average mass of the sample that consisted just of the blue spheres? How can such different samples have their averages turn out the way they did? Part 3: Consider two jars. One jar contains 100 blue spheres, and the other jar contains 25 each of red, blue, green, and yellow colors mixed together. a If you were to remove 50 blue spheres from the jar containing just the blue spheres, what would be the total mass of spheres left in the jar? (Note that the masses of the spheres are given in Part 2.) b If you were to remove 50 spheres from the jar containing the mixture (assume you get a representative distribution of colors), what would be the total mass of spheres left in the jar? c In the case of the mixture of spheres, does the average mass of the spheres necessarily represent the mass of an individual sphere in the sample? d If you had 80.0 grams of spheres from the blue sample, how many spheres would you have? e If you had 60.0 grams of spheres from the mixed-color sample, how many spheres would you have? What assumption did you make about your sample when performing this calculation? Part 4: Consider a sample that consists of three green spheres and one blue sphere. The green mass is 3.00 g, and the blue mass is 1.00 g. a Calculate the fractional abundance of each sphere in the sample. b Use the fractional abundance to calculate the average mass of the spheres in this sample. c How are the ideas developed in this Concept Exploration related to the atomic weights of the elements?arrow_forwardThe element europium exists in nature as two isotopes: 151Eu has a mass of 150.9196 u and 153Eu has a mass of 152.9209 u. The average atomic mass of europium is 151.96 u. Calculate the relative abundance of the two europium isotopes.arrow_forwardIn Section 1.1 of the text, the concept of a chemical reaction was introduced with the example of the decomposition of water, represented as follows: Use ideas from Dalton's atomic theory to explain how the above representation illustrates the law of conservation of mass.arrow_forward
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