A popular gravity-driven instrument is the Cannon-Ubbelohde viscometer, shown in Fig. C1.10. The test liquid is drawn up above the bulb on the right side and allowed to drain by gravity through the capillary tube below the bulb. The time t for the meniscus to pass from upper to lower timing marks is recorded. The kinematic viscosity is computed by the simple formula: v = Ct where C is a calibration constant. For v in the range of 10U-50U mm 2 /s, the recommended constant is C = 0.50 mm 2 /s 2 , with an accuracy less than 0.5 percent. (a) What liquids from Table A.3 arc in this viscosity range? (b) Is the calibration formula dimensionally consistent? (c) What system properties might the constant C depend upon? (d) What problem in this chapter hints at a formula for estimating the viscosity?
A popular gravity-driven instrument is the Cannon-Ubbelohde viscometer, shown in Fig. C1.10. The test liquid is drawn up above the bulb on the right side and allowed to drain by gravity through the capillary tube below the bulb. The time t for the meniscus to pass from upper to lower timing marks is recorded. The kinematic viscosity is computed by the simple formula: v = Ct where C is a calibration constant. For v in the range of 10U-50U mm2/s, the recommended constant is C = 0.50 mm2/s2, with an accuracy less than 0.5 percent.
(a) What liquids from Table A.3 arc in this viscosity range? (b) Is the calibration formula dimensionally consistent? (c) What system properties might the constant C depend upon? (d) What problem in this chapter hints at a formula for estimating the viscosity?
In a falling-ball viscometer, a steel ball 1.6 mm in diameter is allowed to fall freely in a heavy fuel oil having a specific gravity of 0.95. Steel weighs 79 kN/m3. If the ball is observed to fall 250 mm in 10.5 s, calculate the viscosity of the oil.
In the gap between the two plates, the lubricant flows in one direction (x) by the pressure gradient. Lubricants are incompressible Newtonian fluids, flows are laminates, and terminal effects are ignored. Find the maximum flow rate [m/s] when the pressure difference (△P/L) per unit length is 25000 Pa/m.Data: clearance between plates (B) = 6 mm, lubricant viscosity (μ) = 25 cP (1cP = 10-3 Pa·s), lubricant density (=) = 0.88 g/cm3
In the gap between the two plates, the lubricant flows in one direction (x) by the pressure gradient. Lubricants are incompressible Newtonian fluids, flows are laminates, and terminal effects are ignored. Find the maximum flow rate [m/s] when the pressure difference (△P/L) per unit length is 25000 Pa/m.Data: clearance between plates (B) = 6 mm, lubricant viscosity (μ) = 25 cP (1cP = 10-3 Pa·s), lubricant density (=) = 0.88 g/cm3
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Chapter 1 Solutions
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