Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259129919
Author: John D. Anderson Jr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.19P
For the design of their gliders in 1900 and 1901, the Wright brothers used the Lilienthal Table given in Figure 1.65 for their aerodynamic data. Based on these data, they chose a design angle of attack of 3 degrees, and made all their calculations of size, weight, etc., based on this design angle of attack. Why do you think they chose three degrees?
Hint: From the table, calculate the ratio of lift to drag, L/D, at 3 degrees angle of attack, and compare this with the lift-to-drag ratio at other angles of attack. You might want to review the design box at the end of Section 1.8, especially Figure 1.36, for the importance of L/D.
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If your lift to drag ratio is 15 for airline A flight and the airplane weighs 15,000-lb for L/Dmax, what’s the speed for L/Dmax at 22,500 lbs.?
A new pizza store is planning to open. It will, of course,offer free delivery, and therefore need a small delivery carwith a large sign attached. The sign (a flat plate) is 1.5 ft highand 5 ft long. The boss (having no feel for fluid mechanics)mounts the sign bluntly facing the wind. One of his driversis taking fluid mechanics and tells his boss he can save lotsof money by mounting the sign parallel to the wind. (SeeFig. .) (a) Calculate the drag (in lbf) on the sign alone at40 mi/h (58.7 ft/s) in both orientations. (b) Suppose the carwithout any sign has a drag coefficient of 0.4 and a frontalarea of 40 ft2. For V =40 mi/h, calculate the total drag of thecar–sign combination for both orientations. (c) If the car hasa rolling resistance of 40 lbf at 40 mi/h, calculate the horsepowerrequired by the engine to drive the car at 40 mi/h inboth orientations. (d) Finally, if the engine can deliver 10 hpfor 1 h on a gallon of gasoline, calculate the fuel efficiencyin mi/gal for both…
3.) Automotive engineers work very hard to improve the value of the drag coefficient for cars. Suppose you have a car with a mass of 3000. kg and an effective surface area of 4.00 m^2. The engine can generate a maximum force of 28,000. N. Let the coefficient of kinetic friction be 0.200, and the coefficient of static friction be 0.400. Air has a density of 1.21 kg/m^3. (back on earth)
(3a) Draw a free-body diagram for your car, including both drag and friction, when the car is moving at its maximum velocity.
(3b) If the maximum value of your car's velocity is 150.0 m/s, then what is the drag coefficient for the car?
(3c) Suppose your engineers change the drag coefficient to 0.300 - what would be your maximum velocity then with the same force from your engine.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
Ch. 1 - For most gases at standard or near standard...Ch. 1 - Starting with Equations (1.7),(1.8), and (1.11),...Ch. 1 - Consider an infinitely thin flat plate of chord c...Ch. 1 - Consider an infinitely thin flat plate with a 1 m...Ch. 1 - Consider an airfoil at 12 angle of attack. The...Ch. 1 - Consider an NACA 2412 airfoil (the meaning of the...Ch. 1 - The drag on the hull of a ship depends in part on...Ch. 1 - The shock waves on a vehicle in supersonic flight...Ch. 1 - Consider two different flows over geometrically...Ch. 1 - Consider a Lear jet flying at a velocity of 250...
Ch. 1 - A U-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the...Ch. 1 - The German Zeppeins of World War I were dirigibles...Ch. 1 - Consider a circular cylinder in a hypersonic flow,...Ch. 1 - Derive Archimedes principle using a body of...Ch. 1 - Consider a light, single-engine, propeller-driven...Ch. 1 - Consider a flat plate at zero angle of attack in a...Ch. 1 - Consider the Space Shuttle during its atmospheric...Ch. 1 - The purpose of this problem is to give you a feel...Ch. 1 - For the design of their gliders in 1900 and 1901,...Ch. 1 - Consider the existence of a forward-facing axial...
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