Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321971944
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P

For Practice 1.1
Is each change physical or chemical? Which kind of property (chemical or physical) is demonstrated in each case?
a. A copper wire is hammered flat
b. A nickel dissolves in acid to form a blue-green solution.
c. Dry ice sublimes (changes into a gas) without melting.
d. A match ignites when struck on a flint.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The hammering of copper wire is a physical change and it corresponds to a physical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When copper wire is hammered flat, only the shape of the wire is changed. Since, there is no change in the chemical composition of the wire, it is a physical change.

Ability of a substance to flatten into a thin sheet by hammering is called malleability.

Malleability is a physical property.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

Nickel dissolving in an acid to form a blue-green solution it is a chemical change and it corresponds to a chemical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When nickel dissolves in an acid, it forms a new substance that is blue green solution.
Formation of a new substance is a chemical change as it involves the rearrangement of the reactant to form a new substance with new chemical property.

Therefore, the given change is a chemical change.

The given change shows chemical property.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The sublimation of dry ice is a physical change and it corresponds to a physical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

When a substance sublimes it changes its state. The chemical composition of the substance remains the same.

Therefore, sublimation of dry ice is a physical change.

The given change corresponds to a physical property.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The categorization of the given change as chemical or physical change and the property that defines the given change is to be identified

Concept introduction: Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is known as a physical change. It is a reversible change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change. It is an irreversible change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

Solution:

The ignition of a matchstick when struck on a flint is a chemical change and corresponds to a chemical property.

Explanation of Solution

Any change that does not affect the chemical composition of a substance is called physical change.

Any change that occurs by affecting the chemical composition of a substance resulting in the formation of new substance by the rearrangement of the atoms is called chemical change.

The property that is related to the physical state of a substance is termed as a physical property. These properties are used to describe matter.

The property related to the change in the chemical composition of a substance is termed as a chemical property.

Burning is a chemical change.

The head of a match consists of phosphorus and the flint comprises of potassium chlorate.

When they come in contact, the following reaction takes place,

3P4+10KClO33P4O+10KCl

Therefore, it is a chemical change.

Ignition is a chemical property, therefore the given change corresponds to a chemical property.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (3rd Edition)

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9MPCh. 1 - Backpackers often use canisters of white gas to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10MPCh. 1 - For Practice 1.11 Find the radius (r)of an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.12PCh. 1 - Prob. 1SAQCh. 1 - Q2. This image represent a particulate view of a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 1 - Which property of rubbing alcohol is a chemical...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 1 - Q7. Determine the mass of a 1.75 L sample of a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 1 - Q9. Perform the calculation to the correct number...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 13SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 1 - Prob. 15SAQCh. 1 - 1. Classify each statement as an observation, a...Ch. 1 - Classify each statement as an observation, a law...Ch. 1 - A chemist decomposes several samples of carbon...Ch. 1 - 4. When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they...Ch. 1 - 5. Classify each substance as a pure substance or...Ch. 1 - 6. Classify each substance as a pure substance or...Ch. 1 - 7. Complete the table. Substance Pure or...Ch. 1 - 8. Complete the table. Substance Pure or...Ch. 1 - 9. Determine whether each molecular diagram...Ch. 1 - 10. Determine whether each molecular diagram...Ch. 1 - 11. Several properties of isopropyl alcohol (also...Ch. 1 - 12. Several properties of ozone (a pollutant in...Ch. 1 - 13. Classify each property as physical or chemical...Ch. 1 - 14. Classify each property as physical or...Ch. 1 - 15. Classify each change as physical or...Ch. 1 - 16. Classify each change as physical or chemical....Ch. 1 - 17. Based on the molecular digram, classify each...Ch. 1 - Based on the molecular diagram, classify each...Ch. 1 - 19. Convert each temperature. a. 32 °F to °C...Ch. 1 - 20. Convert each temperature. a. 212 °F to °C...Ch. 1 - 21. The coldest temperature ever measured m the...Ch. 1 - 22. The warmest temperature ever measured in the...Ch. 1 - 23. Use the prefix multipliers to express each...Ch. 1 - 24. Use scientific notation to express each...Ch. 1 - Complete the table: a. 1245kg 1.245106 g 1.245109...Ch. 1 - 26. Express the quantity 254,998 m in each unit....Ch. 1 - 27. How many 1 cm squares would it take to...Ch. 1 - 28. How many 1 cm cubes would it take to construct...Ch. 1 - 29. A new penny has a mass of 2.49 g and a volume...Ch. 1 - 30. A titanium bicycle frame displaces 0.314 L of...Ch. 1 - 31. Glycerol is a syrupy liquid often used in...Ch. 1 - 32. A supposedly gold nugget is tested to...Ch. 1 - 33. Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) has a density of...Ch. 1 - 34. Acetone (nail polish remover) Pies a density...Ch. 1 - 35. Read each measurment to the correct number of...Ch. 1 - Read each measurement to the correct number of...Ch. 1 - 37. For each measurement, underline the zeroes...Ch. 1 - 38. For each measurement underline the zeroes that...Ch. 1 - 39. How many significant figures are in each...Ch. 1 - 40. How many significant figures are in each...Ch. 1 - 41. Which quantities are exact numbers and...Ch. 1 - 42. Indicate the number of significant figures in...Ch. 1 - 43. Round each number to four significant...Ch. 1 - 44. Round each number to three significant...Ch. 1 - 45. Perform each calculation to the correct number...Ch. 1 - 46. Perform each calculation to the correct number...Ch. 1 - 47. Perform each calculation to the correct number...Ch. 1 - Prob. 48ECh. 1 - 49. Perform each calculation to the correct number...Ch. 1 - Prob. 50ECh. 1 - 51. A flask containing 117 mL of a liquid weighs...Ch. 1 - 51. A flask containing 11.7 mL of a liquid weighs...Ch. 1 - 53. Perform each unit conversion. a. 27.8 L to cm3...Ch. 1 - 54. Perform each unit conversion. a. 28.9 nm to ?m...Ch. 1 - 55. Perform each unit conversion between the...Ch. 1 - 56. Perform each unit conversion between the...Ch. 1 - 57. A runner wants to run 10.0 km at a pace of 7.5...Ch. 1 - 58. A cyclist rides at an average speed of 24...Ch. 1 -   59. A European automobile has a gas mileage of...Ch. 1 -   60. A gas can holds 5.0 gallons of gasoline....Ch. 1 - 61. A modest-sized house has an area of 195m2....Ch. 1 - 62. A bedroom has a volume of 115 m3. What is its...Ch. 1 - Prob. 63ECh. 1 - Total U.S. farmland occupies 954 million acres....Ch. 1 - Prob. 65ECh. 1 - Prob. 66ECh. 1 - Prob. 67ECh. 1 - Prob. 68ECh. 1 - 69. Classify each property as intensive or...Ch. 1 - 70. At what temperatures are the readings on the...Ch. 1 - 71. Suppose you have designed a new thermometer...Ch. 1 - On a new Jekyll temperature scale water freezes at...Ch. 1 - 73. Do each calculation without using your...Ch. 1 - 74. The value of the euro was recently $l.38 U.S....Ch. 1 - Prob. 75ECh. 1 - 76. 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