Chapter 1, Problem 1.35QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(a)

The number of significant figures is four.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{4867 mi}$

The number of significant figures is four.

Totally four numbers are nonzero numbers. So, the number of significant figure is four.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(b)

The number of significant figures is two.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{56 mL}$

The number of significant figures is two.

Totally two numbers are nonzero numbers. So, the number of significant figure is two.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(c)

The number of significant figures is five.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{60,104 tons}$

The number of significant figures is five.

Totally five numbers are nonzero numbers. So, the number of significant figure is five.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(d)

The number of significant figures is two.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{2900 g}$

The scientific notation for the given measurement is $\text{29}\text{×}{\text{10}}^{\text{2}}$. So, the number of significant figures is two.

Totally two numbers are nonzero numbers.  So, the number of significant figure is two.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(e)

The number of significant figures is three.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{40}\text{.2}{\text{g/cm}}^{\text{3}}$

The number of significant figures is three.

Totally three numbers are non-zero numbers are there (zero is placed in between two nonzero number).  So, the number of significant figure is three.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(f)

The number of significant figures is one.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{0}\text{.0000003}$

The number of significant figures is one.

Only one number is a nonzero number (zeros are placed before the nonzero number). So, the number of significant figure is one.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(g)

The number of significant figures is one.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{0}\text{.7 min}$

The number of significant figures is one.

Only one number is a nonzero number (zeros are placed before the nonzero number). So, the number of significant figure is one.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of measurements the significant figures has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures: The digits having a meaning in a given number are called as significant figures.

Significant figures – calculation rules

• Significant figure is a non-zero number (4443.2 has five significant figures)
• Zeros placement in between non-zero number are significant figures (40005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros before the non-zero number are not significant number (0.00040005 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number are significant in case of that number contains decimal point (4.5000 has five significant figures).
• Zeros after the non-zero number may or may not be a significant figure in case of that number does not have a decimal point (500 may have 1, 2 or 3 significant figures).  In this cases use scientific notation to avoid ambiguity.

To give: The significant figures for the given measurement

Answer to Problem 1.35QP

(h)

The number of significant figures is two.

Explanation of Solution

Given measurement is $\text{46 amu}$

The number of significant figures is two.

Totally two numbers are nonzero numbers. So, the number of significant figure is two.