Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780470501979
Author: Frank P. Incropera, David P. DeWitt, Theodore L. Bergman, Adrienne S. Lavine
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.41P
Consider the transmission case of Problem 1 .23,butnow allow for radiation exchange with the ground/chassis, which may be approximated as large surroundings at
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Ch. 1 - The thermal conductivity of a sheet of rigid,...Ch. 1 - The heat flux that is applied to the left face of...Ch. 1 - A concrete wall, which has a surface area of 20m2...Ch. 1 - The concrete slab of a basement is 11 in long. 8...Ch. 1 - Consider Figure 1.3. The heat flux in the...Ch. 1 - The heal flux through a wood slab 50 mm thick,...Ch. 1 - The inner and outer surface temperatures of a...Ch. 1 - A thermodynamic analysis of a proposed Brayton...Ch. 1 - A glass window of width W=1m and height H=2m is 5...Ch. 1 - A freezer compartment consists of a cubical cavity...
Ch. 1 - The heat flux that is applied to one face of a...Ch. 1 - An inexpensive food and beverage container is...Ch. 1 - What is the thickness required of a masonry wall...Ch. 1 - A wall is made from an inhomogeneous...Ch. 1 - The 5-mm-thick bottom of a 200-mm-diameter panmay...Ch. 1 - A square silicon chip (k=150W/mK) is of width...Ch. 1 - For a boiling process such as shown in Figure 1.5...Ch. 1 - You’ve experienced convection cooling if you’ve...Ch. 1 - Air at 40°C flows over a long, 25-mm-diameter...Ch. 1 - A wall has inner and outer surface temperatures of...Ch. 1 - An electric resistance heater is embedded in a...Ch. 1 - The free convection heat transfer coefficient on a...Ch. 1 - A transmission case measures W=0.30m on a sideand...Ch. 1 - A cartridge electrical heater is shaped as a...Ch. 1 - A common procedure for measuring the velocity of...Ch. 1 - A square isothermal chip is of width w=5mm on...Ch. 1 - The temperature controller for a clothes dryer...Ch. 1 - An overhead 25-m-long, uninsulated industrial...Ch. 1 - Under conditions for which the same room...Ch. 1 - A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter...Ch. 1 - An instrumentation package has a spherical outer...Ch. 1 - Consider the conditions of Problem 1.22. However,...Ch. 1 - If TsTsur in Equation 1.9, the radiation heat...Ch. 1 - A vacuum system, as used ¡n sputtering...Ch. 1 - An electrical resistor is connected to a battery,...Ch. 1 - Pressurized water (pin=10bar,Tin=110C) enters...Ch. 1 - Consider the tube and inlet conditions of Problem...Ch. 1 - An internally reversible refrigerator has a...Ch. 1 - A household refrigerator operates with cold-...Ch. 1 - Chips of width L=15mm on a side are mounted to...Ch. 1 - Consider the transmission case of Problem 1...Ch. 1 - One method for growing thin silicon sheets for...Ch. 1 - Heat is transferred by radiation and convection...Ch. 1 - Radioactive wastes are packed in a long,...Ch. 1 - An aluminum plate 4 mm thick is mounted in a...Ch. 1 - A blood warmer is to be used during the...Ch. 1 - Consider a carton of milk that is refrigerated at...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.48PCh. 1 - Liquid oxygen, which has a boiling into of 90 K...Ch. 1 - The emissivity of galvanized steel sheet, a...Ch. 1 - Three electric resistance heaters of length...Ch. 1 - A hair dryer may be idealized as a circular duct...Ch. 1 - In one stage of an annealing process, 304...Ch. 1 - Convection ovens operate on the principle of...Ch. 1 - Annealing, an important step ¡n semiconductor...Ch. 1 - In the thermal processing of semiconductor...Ch. 1 - A furnace tor processing semiconductor materials...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.58PCh. 1 - Consider the wind turbine of Example 1.3. To...Ch. 1 - Consider the conducting rod of Example 1.4...Ch. 1 - A long bus bar (cylindrical rod used for making...Ch. 1 - A 50mm45mm20mm cell phone chargerhas a surface...Ch. 1 - A spherical, stainless steel (AISI 302) canister...Ch. 1 - A freezer compartment is covered with a...Ch. 1 - A vertical slab of Wood’s metal is joined to a...Ch. 1 - A photovoltaic panel of dimension 2m4m isinstalled...Ch. 1 - Following the hot vacuum forming of a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.69PCh. 1 - A computer consists of an array of five printed...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.71PCh. 1 - The roof of a car in a parking lot absorbs a solar...Ch. 1 - Consider the conditions of Problem 1.22,but the...Ch. 1 - Most of the energy we consume as food ¡s converted...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.75PCh. 1 - The wall of an oven used to cure plastic parts is...Ch. 1 - An experiment to determine the convection...Ch. 1 - A thin electrical heating element provides a...Ch. 1 - A rectangular forced air healing duct is suspended...Ch. 1 - Consider the steam pipe of Example 1.2. The...Ch. 1 - During its manufacture, plate glass at 600°C is...Ch. 1 - The curing press of Example 1.9 involves exposure...Ch. 1 - The diameter and surface emissivity of an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.84PCh. 1 - A solar flux of 700W/m2K is incident on a...Ch. 1 - In considering the following problems involving...
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- A long wire 0.7 mm in diameter with an emissivity of 0.9 is placed in a large quiescent air space at 270 K. If the wire is at 800 K, calculate the net rate of heat loss. Discuss your assumptions.arrow_forward1.11 Calculate the heat loss through a glass window 7-mm thick if the inner surface temperature is 20°C and the outer surface temperature is 17°C. Comment on the possible effect of radiation on your answer.arrow_forward1.13 If the outer air temperature in Problem is –2°C, calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the window and the air, assuming radiation is negligible.arrow_forward
- 1.26 Repeat Problem 1.25 but assume that the surface of the storage vessel has an absorbance (equal to the emittance) of 0.1. Then determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid oxygen in kilograms per second and pounds per hour, assuming that convection can be neglected. The heat of vaporization of oxygen at –183°C is .arrow_forwardA greenhouse 20m long and 15m wide has a nearly flat roof 3m above the floor level. When the sun is directly overhead the solar flux is 1,000 W/m^2. If the glass roof has an emissivity of 0.9 and the convective losses are 0.8 times the radiation losses, what is the temperature in the greenhouse?arrow_forwardA geodesic dome constructed with an aluminum frameworkis a nearly perfect hemisphere; its diameter measures 55.0 m on a winterday at a temperature of -15°C. How much more interior space does thedome have in the summer, when the temperature is 35°C?arrow_forward
- A 30 x 30 cm door in a brick kiln is at a distance of 3.5 m from a wall 12 m wide and 5 m high. The door is so located that a normal from the center of the door strikes the wall midway from the ends and 1.5 m above the floor. The opening into the kiln may be considered a black body; the wall is painted flat paint (Ɛ = 0.46). The temperature inside the kiln is 1 400 C and the wall temperature is 60 C. Determine (a) the configuration factor F12 and (b) the net radiant heat exchange between the opening and the wall when the fire door is open?arrow_forwardHeat is generated in a sphere of radius 1 m at a rate of 1000 W/m3. The sphere is surrounded by air at 27 oC.A. Balance total energy produced by the total energy lost from the surface by convection and radiation tocalculate the surface temperature.B. Solve the heat transfer problem in the sphere and use the temperature calculated in A as the boundarycondition to determine the temperature at the center of the sphere.Assume that the sphere can be treated as a black body for calculating radiation losses.Properties The thermal conductivity is given to be k =2.5 W/m°C.σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W / (m2 x K4). Heat transfer coefficient h = 10 W/(m2 K)arrow_forwardA spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains electronics that dissipate 150 W. If the probe surface has an emissivity of 0.8 and the probe does not receive radiation from other surfaces, as, for example, from the sun, what is its surface temperature?arrow_forward
- A small sphere (emissivity =0.503 radius=r1) is located at the center of a spherical abestos shell ( thickness =1.74 cm, outer radius= r2; thermal conductivity of abestos is 0.090 J/ (sm c degrees) The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 695 degrees Celsius while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 352 degrees Celsius, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 =8.75 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.arrow_forwardA chamber for heat curing large aluminum sheets lacquered black on both sides operates by passing the sheets vertically between two steel plates 150 mm apart. One of the plates is at 300°C, and the other exposed to the atmosphere, is at 25°C. i) What is the temperature of the lacquered sheet? and ii) What is the heat transferred between the wall when equilibrium has been reached? Neglect the convection effects and the emissivity of lacquered sheet is 1.arrow_forwardNatural Convection Cooling of an Orange.An orange 102 mm in diameter having a surface temperature of 21.1°C is placed on an open shelf in a refrigerator held at4.4°C. Calculate the heat loss by natural convection, neglecting radiation. As an approximation, the simplified equation for vertical planes can be used withLreplaced by the radius of the sphere (M1). For a more accurate correlation, see (S2).arrow_forward
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