Explanation The volume of the vessel is 22 .4 dm 3 . Initially, it contains 2 .0 mol H 2 ( g ) and 1 .0 mol N 2 ( g ) at 273 .15 K . The balanced chemical reaction involved is shown below. 3H 2 + N 2 → 2 NH 3 Since, 3 mol H 2 ( g ) reacts with 1 mol N 2 ( g ) . Therefore, 2 mol H 2 ( g ) reacts with 1 3 × 2 mol N 2 = 0.667 mol N 2 If all the H 2 reacts with sufficient N 2 to form NH 3 , then the number of moles of N 2 left in the container is, Moles of N 2 left = 1 .0 mol − 0 .667 mol = 0 .333 mol The excess reactant is nitrogen. Hydrogen is the limiting reagent. The number of moles of ammonia formed will depend upon the number of moles of hydrogen reacted. Since, 3 mol H 2 ( g ) gives 2 mol NH 3 ( g ) . Therefore, 2 mol H 2 ( g ) will give 2 3 × 2 mol NH 3 = 1.333 mol NH 3 The total number of moles of gas present in the vessel is the sum of the number of moles of ammonia formed and number of moles of nitrogen left in the container. Number of moles = 0.33 3 mol + 1 .333 mol =1 .666 mol The total pressure is calculated by the ideal gas equation. P = n R T V Where, Ø P is the pressure of the gas. Ø V is the volume of the gas. Ø T is the temperature. Ø n is number of moles of the gas. Substitute the corresponding values in the above equation. P = 1.66 6 mol × 0. 0821 dm 3 atm mol − 1 K − 1 × 273. 15 K 22.4 dm 3 = 1 . 7 a t m _ Thus, the total pressure of the final mixture is 1 . 7 a t m _ . Mole fraction of N 2 ( χ N 2 ) is calculated by the formula, χ N 2 = Number of moles of N 2 Total number of moles The number of moles of N 2 is 0

11th Edition

ISBN: 9780198769866

Author: ATKINS, P. W. (peter William), De Paula, Julio, Keeler, JAMES

Publisher: Oxford University Press

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Concept explainers

Kinetic-Theory of Gases

Kinetic theory of gases is the model or method which was developed in the 19th century by Maxwell and Boltzmann. This is possible as the interatomic force which is of short-range forces that are important for solids and liquids can be neglected for gases…

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1A.8P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The partial pressure of the gases in the final mixture and the total pressure has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The perfect gas equation of state is consistent with Boyle’s law, Charles’s law and also with Avogadro’s law. The perfect gas law is also known as ideal gas equation. The expression that is used to show the perfect gas equation of state is given as,

pV=nRT

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 1 Solutions

Atkins' Physical Chemistry

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