Chapter 1, Problem 1SEPT

What factors might diminish the ability of a host tofight off an infectious disease?

a. What are some of the sources for “new” infectious diseases?b. Comment on the sensational ways in which some tabloid mediaportray the dangers of infectious diseases.

Which among the following purposes below signifies secondary level promotion? a. To decrease the risk or exposure of the individual or community to disease b. None of the above c. To identify individuals in an early stage of a disease process d. Help rehabilitate individuals and restore them to an optimum level of functioning

Describe the way the Germ Theory of Disease would predict how a suspected causative agent would act according to the first two postulates if the suspected causative agent was a pathogen but not an infectious disease.

An area of microbiology that is concerned with the occurrence of disease in human populations is a. immunology b. parasitology c. epidemiology d. bioremediation

How do the diagnoses and treatments of infectious diseases differ globally and culturally within different regions of the world and how does economics affect a country’s ability to prevent and treat infections?

A microbiologist argued that there is no such thing as “normal” microbiota of the human body, since the population is dynamic and is constantly changing, depending on diet and external environment. What would be an argument against this microbiologist’s view?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?   a. Epidemiologists need to focus on evidence and data concerning diseases or other health outcomes, and not on their personal opinions or beliefs   b. Many of the historical figures in epidemiology did not have a formal background in epidemiology or public health   c. It is not possible for epidemiologists to function in the absence of sophisticated computers, software, high speed internet, and well-equipped labs.   d. In addition to understanding acute infectious diseases, epidemiology also examines risk factors for chronic and/or non-infectious health conditions including mental health issues, substance use, cancers, cardiovascular conditions, and the implications of trauma, violence, and systemic racism.

Epidemiologist rely on a set of standard study designs to understand the distribution of 'diseases' and what factors are associated with the presence or absence of disease. Ultimately, the goal is to identify the 'causes' of disease in order to prevent the disease in the future. In modern epidemiology, disease is defined broadly, and can range from infectious diseases (e.g., malaria, HIV), chronic diseases (e.g., heart attack, stroke, diabetes), injuries (e.g., car accidents, homicide), or even social conditions (e.g., poverty). Exposures too may be defined as anything proposed as a potential cause (or correlate) of the disease. For this exercise, briefly outline a hypothetical study to investigate a potential exposure/disease relationship. You may draw on your own experience or choose a topic that is of interest to you. After choosing a topic to study, select an appropriate study design from the list below. Cross-sectional study Cohort study Case-control study Ecological study…