Introductory Chemistry Essentials (5th Edition) - Standalone book
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321919052
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 22E
A chemist decomposes several samples of water into hydrogen and oxygen and measures the mass of the hydrogen and the oxygen obtained. The results are tabulated as follows.
| Sample Number | Grams of Hydrogen | Grams of Oxygen |
| 1 | 1.5 | 12 |
| 2 | 2 | 16 |
| 3 | 2.5 | 20 |
a. Summarize these observations in a short statement.
Next, the chemist decomposes several samples of carbon dioxide into carbon and oxygen. The results are tabulated as follows:
| Sample Number | Grams of Hydrogen | Grams of Oxygen |
| 1 | 0.5 | 1.3 |
| 2 | 1.0 | 2.7 |
| 3 | 1.5 | 4.0 |
b. Summarize these observations in a short statement.
c. Formulate a law from the observations in (a) and (b).
d. Formulate a theory that might explain your law in (c).
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Complete the following table
Material
Mass of Displaced Water (g)
Mass of Sample (g)
Volume of Sample (mL)
Density of Material (g/mL)
Metal 1
0.36
3.17
(A)
(D)
Metal 2
0.46
3.73
(B)
(E)
Metal 3
0.47
3.67
(C)
(F)
You've just solved a problem and the answer is the mass of an electron, me=9.11×10−31kilogramsme=9.11×10−31kilograms. How would you enter this number into the answer box?
Enter your answer in kilograms using three significant figures. Note that the units are provided for you to the right of the answer box.
View Available Hint(s)
part 1
Which of the following is a best practice in weighing solid samples?
Use weighing paper, a watch glass, a beaker, or some other container to measure mass of your solid samples.
Do not return the mass settings to zero mark; let the next user tare it for you.
Place chemicals directly on the balance pan.
For different trials of an experiment, use multiple balances for your measurements
Chapter 1 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry Essentials (5th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 1 - Where can you find chemicals? a. In a hardware...Ch. 1 - Q2. Which statement best defines chemistry?
a. The...Ch. 1 - According to the scientific method, what is a law?...Ch. 1 - Q4. Which statement is an example of an...Ch. 1 - Which characteristic is necessary for success in...Ch. 1 - Why does soda fizz?Ch. 1 - 2. What are chemicals? Give some examples.
Ch. 1 - Prob. 3ECh. 1 - 4. What is meant by the statement, “Matter does...Ch. 1 - Define chemistry.
Ch. 1 - 6. Many things that we take for granted in...Ch. 1 - 7. Explain the scientific method.
Ch. 1 - 8. What is wrong with the statement, “The...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between a law and a theory?Ch. 1 - 10. What is the difference between a hypothesis...Ch. 1 - What is wrong with the statement, It is just a...Ch. 1 - What is the law of conservation of mass, and who...Ch. 1 - What is the atomic theory, and who formulated it?Ch. 1 - A chemical experiment might look for one or more...Ch. 1 - Examine the opening figure of this chapter. Use...Ch. 1 - Examine Figure 1.1 and, from a molecular point of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 17ECh. 1 - 16. Classify each statement as an observation, a...Ch. 1 - 17. A student prepares several samples of the same...Ch. 1 - A student measures the volume of a gas sample at...Ch. 1 - A chemist in an imaginary universe does an...Ch. 1 - 20. A chemist decomposes several samples of water...Ch. 1 - 21. The manufacturer of a particular brand of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 24ECh. 1 - 23. In your own words, provide a brief definition...Ch. 1 - 24. How curious are you? How good are your...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Vanadium metal is added to steel to impart strength. The density of vanadium is 5.96 g/cm3. Express this in SI units (kg/m3).arrow_forwardPerform the following mathematical operations, and express the result to the correct number of significant figures. a. 2.5263.1+0.4700.623+80.7050.4326 b. (6.404 2.91)/(18.7 - 17.1) c. 6.071 105 - 8.2 106 - 0.521 104 d. (3.8 1012 + 4.0 1013)/(4 1012 + 6.3 10l3) e. 9.5+4.1+2.8+3.1754 (Assume that this operation is taking the average of four numbers. Thus 4 in the denominator is exact.) f. 8.9258.9058.925100 (This type of calculation is done many times in calculating a percentage error. Assume that this example is such a calculation; thus 100 can be considered to be an exact number.)arrow_forwardYou can analyze for a copper compound in water using an instrument called a spectrophotometer. [A spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument that measures the amount of light (of a given wavelength) that is absorbed by the solution] The amount of light absorbed at a given wavelength of light (A) depends directly on the mass of compound per liter of solution. To calibrate the spectrophotometer, you collect the following data: Plot the absorbance (A) against the mass of copper compound per liter (g/L), and find the slope (m) and intercept (b) (assuming that A is y and the amount in solution is x in the equation for a straight line, y = mx + b). What is the mass of copper compound in the solution in g/L and mg/mL when the absorbance is 0.635?arrow_forward
- A pycnometer is a glass flask with a tight fitting glass stopper that can be used to determine the density of an insoluble solid by measuring the volume of water ejected out of the pycnometer when sample of the solid is placed in it. Determine the density in g/cm³ of an unknown metal alloy sample from the following measurements. Assume the density of water is 1.000 g/cm³. Mass of clean pycnometer = 25.151 g Mass of clean pycnometer plus water = 42.481 g Mass of clean pycnometer plus metal sample = 39.905 g Mass of clean pycnometer plus metal plus water = 54.265 g (after ejected water is dried from the outside surface)arrow_forwardA student performed an experiment to determine the percent water in a sample of food and collected the following data : Mass of empty watch glass: 43.5245g Mass of watch glass and undried food: 50.6270g 4. Mass of watch glass and dried food: 45.5485g Calculate the percent water in the food samplearrow_forwarda student obtains a sample of a sand/salt mixture in a test tube. home weighs the test tube with the sample and finds the mass to be 20.70 grams. He pours half of the mixture into a beaker and weighs the test tube and finds the mass to be 15.50 grams. how much of the sand salt mixture is in the beaker?arrow_forward
- There is one mole of water in the beaker. A student measured the weight of the 1 mole of water of 18.02 g after using scale. Calculate the molar mass of water (H2O) in grams using your periodic table. [1 amu = 1.6606×10−24?1.6606×10−24g ]. How does your answer compare to the student's measurement? What can you conclude?arrow_forwardUse unit analysis to show how to calculate the volume occupied by 19.2 grams of gold. See the table below for the density of gold. Densities of Some Common Substances Substance Density (g/mL) Water 1.00 Aluminum 2.72 Chromium 7.25 Nickel 8.91 Copper 8.94 Silver 10.50 Lead 11.34 Mercury 13.60 Gold 19.28 Tungsten 19.38 Platinum 21.46 _______ _______ (number) (unit) 19.2g x _______ _______ = ________ (number) (unit)arrow_forwardthickness of aluminum foil mass of aluminium foil 0.405 g length of aluminum foil 9.5 cm width of aluminum foil 9.6 cm what is the volume of aluminum foil? what is the thickness of aluminum foil? show calculations.arrow_forward
- calculate the density of the metal object based on the information given below. stopper + flask = 26.9035 g stopper + flask + metal = 37.7932 g stopper + flask + metal + water = 58.0088 g stopper + flask + water = 83.1390 g *4 decimal places*arrow_forwardA solid is weighed on the balance using the following steps: 1. The balance is tared. 2. Weighing paper is placed on the balance and the mass displayed is 0.806 g 3. An object is added to the weighing paper and the mass displayed is 1.500 g What is the mass of the object?arrow_forwarda homeowner no longer desires to have a pool in their backyard. given that the volume of the pool is 52.5 ft3, determine the number of kilograms of concrete will it take to fill the pool. the density of the concrete is 1.89 g/cm3.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Types of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dggHWvFJ8Xs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY