Chapter 10, Problem 10.30SP

Give a systematic (IUPAC) name for each alcohol. Classify each as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $5$-methyl-$4$-propylheptan-$2$-ol. It is classified as secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 1

In the given structure of alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $7$ carbon. So root name is heptanol. In the structure, methyl group is attached to $5$ carbon and $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $2$ carbon in the primary carbon chain. Propyl group is attached to $4$ carbon in the longest carbon chain.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $5$-methyl-$4$-propylheptan-$2$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the secondary carbon. So, the given compound is secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $4$-($1$-bromoethyl)heptan-$3$-ol. It is classified as secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 2

In the given structure of alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $7$ carbon. So root name is heptanol. In the structure, $1$-bromoethyl group is attached to $4$ carbon and $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $3$ carbon in the primary carbon chain.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $4$-($1$-bromoethyl)heptan-$3$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the secondary carbon. So, the given compound is secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $6$-chloro-$3$-phenyloctan-$3$-ol. It is classified as tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 3

In the given structure of alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $8$ carbon atoms. So root name is octanol. In the structure, phenyl group is attached to $3$ carbon and $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $3$ carbon in the primary carbon chain. Chloro group is attached to the $6$ carbon in the primary carbon chain.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $6$-chloro-$3$-phenyloctan-$3$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the tertiary carbon. So, the given compound is tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $3$-bromocyclohex-$3$-ene-$1$-ol. It is classified as secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 4

In the above figure, the structure of cyclo alcohol is shown.

In the given structure of cyclo alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $6$ carbon. So root name is cyclohexanol. In the structure, bromo group is attached to the $3$ carbon and $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $1$ carbon in the primary carbon chain. The double bond is present between $3$ and $4$ carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain in the cyclo alcohol.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $3$-bromocyclohex-$3$-ene-$1$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the secondary carbon. So, the given compound is secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is cis-$4$-chlorocyclohex-$2$-ene-$1$-ol. It is classified as secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 5

In the above figure, the structure of cyclo alcohol is shown.

In the given structure of cyclo alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $6$ carbon. So root name is cyclohexanol. In the structure, chloro group is attached to the $4$ carbon and $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $1$ carbon in the primary carbon chain. Chloro and $\text{OH}$ groups are on the same side or cis to each other in the cyclohexanol structure.

The double bond is present between $2$ and $3$ carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain in the cyclo alcohol.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is cis-$4$-chlorocyclohex-$2$-ene-$1$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the secondary carbon. So, the given compound is secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $\left(E\right)$-$4,5$-dimethylhex-$3$-ene-$1$-ol. It is classified as primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 6

In the given structure of alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $6$ carbon. So root name is hexanol. In the structure, one methyl group is attached to $4$ carbon and second methyl group is attached to $5$ carbon. $\text{OH}$ group is attached to the $1$ carbon in the primary carbon chain.

The double bond is present between $3$ and $4$ carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain in the cyclo alcohol.

The highest priority groups are opposite to each other. So, the configuration at $3$ carbon (double bond) is $E$.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is $\left(E\right)$-$4,5$-dimethylhex-$3$-ene-$1$-ol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the primary carbon. So, the given compound is primary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol and its classification as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Interpretation: The systematic (IUPAC) name for the given alcohol is to be stated and the given alcohol is to be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept introduction: The IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols is based on the following rules given below.

1. 1. The longest carbon chain that contains the carbon atom bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group is named first and suffix $-\text{ol}$ is added to the root name.
2. 2. The longest carbon chain is numbered starting at the end nearest the $-\text{OH}$ group and number is used to show the position of $-\text{OH}$ group and it is given preference over double and triple bond in the structure.
3. 3. All the substituents are named and numbers are given to their position in the longest carbon chain.

Answer to Problem 10.30SP

The IUPAC name of the given alcohol is ($1$-cyclopentenyl) methanol. It is classified as primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of the alcohol is given below.

Figure 7

In the given structure of alcohol, the longest carbon chain contains $1$ carbon. So root name is methanol. In the structure, cyclopentyl group and $\text{OH}$ group are attached to the $1$ carbon in the primary carbon chain. The double bond is present between $1$ and $2$ carbon atoms in the structure of cyclopentyl group.

So, the IUPAC name of the given alcohol is ($1$-cyclopentenyl)methanol.

The hydroxy group is attached to the primary carbon. So, the given compound is primary alcohol.