what is the name of the symbol of the single thermodynamic quantity (function) which determines whether a reaction is spontaneous

Q: Consider the reaction in the Haber process 3H2 (g) + N2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)where delta H° = -91.8 kJ/mol…

A: The spontaneity of a reaction can be predicted by Gibbs free energy change. Write the expression of…

Q: Assuming that the values of ΔH° and ΔS° do not change appreciably with temperature, calculate the…

A: We have to predict the lowest temperature at which the reaction is spontaneous. For reaction to be…

Q: Explain the difference between a spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, and provide an example of…

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Q: Give the name of the reaction that does not achieve the theoretical limits with respect to free…

A: Correct option is : E

Q: Calculate ΔG° for a reaction for which ΔH° = 24.6 kJ andΔS ° = 132 J/K at 298 K. Is the reaction…

A: Given, ΔH° = 24.6 kJ ΔS ° = 132 J/K

Q: 2. Consider the following reaction at 298 K: N2 04(8) = 2NO2(g) Kp = 0.142 What is the standard free…

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Q: Determine if the following reaction is spontaneous at 298K BaCO3(s) ↔ BaO(s) + CO2(g) ΔHf˚ =…

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Q: Describe how entropy and enthalpy combine for the overall determination of spontaneity. What values…

A: The Gibbs equation, shown in equation (1) where ΔH is the enthalpy change, ΔS is the entropy change,…

Q: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. (a) The third law of thermodynamics says that the…

A: The entropy tells the randomness present in the system due to its disorderness created in the…

Q: starting from the definition of Gibbs Free Energy, the 1st law of thermodynamics, the 2nd law of…

A: To derive the criteria for spontaneity for Gibbs free energy.

Q: a. Change in Gibbs free energy (AG) must be negative for a spontaneous reaction. Explain the four…

A: The change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) is given by: ∆G = ∆H - T∆S ......(1) Here, ∆H is the change in…

Q: Why are spontaneous processes irreversible?

A: The reason why spontaneous processes are irreversible has to be to given.

Q: How can a system or chemical reaction have a negative entropy change and be spontaneous?

A: Chemical reaction:

Q: Which thermodynamic quantities are not a state function?

A: Both path and state functions are frequently faced in thermodynamics. A thermodynamic property whose…

Q: Give an example for each of the following and provide an explanation.   1. A spontaneous process 2.…

A: A spontaneous process is the process which takes place on its own without any external force.

Q: For the reaction C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) AH° is -393.51 kJ/mol and AS° is +2.86 J/K.mol. Under…

A: Third option. Spontaneous at all temperatures.

Q: why do so many thermodynamic processes happen in one direction but never the reverse?

A: There are two types of thermodynamic process based on the reversibility of the process- irreversible…

Q: 9. Is the reaction Si(s) + 2 Cl2(g) → SICL, (g) spontaneous under standard conditions at 298 K?…

A: Given reaction is :  Si (s) + 2Cl2 (g) -------> SiCl4 (g)  a). Calculate change in entropy of the…

Q: Under what circumstances does entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process

A: For any  spontaneous process, the value of Gibbs free energy change i.e ΔG should be -ve And since…

Q: Is the following reaction spontaneous as written? Explain. Do whatever calculation is needed to…

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Q: When is Gibbs free energy negative? If is it spontaneous or non-spotaneous?

A: Gibbs free energy change is a thermodynamic parameter, which is associated with the enthalpy and…

Q: It is determined that a particular chemical reaction has AH°rxn = 105 kJ and As°rxn = 252 JK1.…

A: For spontaneous reaction delta G must be negative....

Q: What thermodynamic quantity is used to determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed…

A: In the thermodynamic system we can determine which reaction is spontaneously or which reaction is…

Q: Under which conditions is a reaction non-spontaneous at all temperatures, ΔGΔΗ - ΤAS ?

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Q: The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0 K)…

A: As per the third law of thermodynamics, the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0K) is 0.…

Q: What are the criteria for spontaneity in terms of entropy

A: The criteria for spontaneity in terms of entropy has to be determined.

Q: At constant volume, the first law of :thermodynamic is .A U=+W .B U=qA .C JALA

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Q: 1. Given the thermodynamic equation, H =U + PV , use this and other thermodynamic equations to show…

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Q: Can a process be spontaneous at one temperature and nonspontaneous at a different temperature?

A: Thermodynamics can be used to explain the spontaneity of a reaction.

Q: List the 3 conditions necessary for determining the standard change in a thermodynamic property,…

A: S is the entropy or the randomness of the thermodynamic system.  G is the Gibbs free energy of the…

Q: How does the standard entropy of a substance depend on its molar mass? On its molecular complexity?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic property, which is the measure of randomness of a system. Entropy of the…

Q: Why is it important in using change in free energy, ΔG, as the thermodynamic parameter for assessing…

A: Thermodynamics is branch of chemistry which deals with heat gained and heat lost by system.

Q: In the expression, S = k In W, W is caled the number of microstates. Explain clearly the meaning of…

A: The system can exist in a discrete (but possibly infinite) set of microstates. A microstate defines…

Q: calculate the standard reaction entropy of the following chemical reaction:

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Q: How do I find out if a reaction is spontaneous or not spontaneous?

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Q: enumerate at least three examples each for a spontaneous reaction and a nonspontaneous reaction

A: A spontaneous reaction is a reaction which occurs without the help of an external force or energy.…

Q: Calculate the standard reaction entropy (∆????∅) at 298 K for the reaction of carbon dioxide with…

A: Standard entropy value:-  ∆S°(CaO) = 40 J/K mol  ∆S°(CO2) = 214J/K mol  ∆S°(CaCO3) = 93J/K mol

Q: Use the appropriate symbol to represent a non-spontaneous process (>, <, =)  ∆G ________________ 0…

A: ∆G represents change in Gibbs free energy.∆E represents change in Internal energy .K represents…

Q: Explain why changes in both enthalpy and entropy determine the spontaneity of a process.

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Q: What is the molar entropy of a pure crystal at 0 K? What is the significance of the answer to this…

A: The third law of thermodynamics states that entropy of a pure crystal at a temperature of zero…

Q: the third law of thermodynamics .How is it interpreted in a microscopic thermodynamic sense?…

A: Thermodynamic is made of two words thermos means heat and dynamic means motion so can say that here…

Q: When the oxide of generic metal MM is heated at 25.0 ∘C, a negligible amount of MM is produced.…

A: Conversion of graphite to carbon dioxide: a). The chemical equation of coupled process:

Q: Under what circumstances may the properties of the system alone be used to identify the direction of…

A: A reaction which occurs without any intervention in the given set of conditions is termed as…

Q: Calculate the standard entropy, ASº for the dissociation of solid silver sulfide.

A: The entropy is a measure of the disorder in a system. In a chemical reaction, entropy value changes.…

Q: 10. Is the reaction Si(s) + 2 H,(g) → SiH,(g) spontaneous under standard conditions at 298 K? AnSwer…

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Q: Using the Gibbs-Helmholz equation: a. Explain how a reaction could always be spontaneous. b. Explain…

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Q: Explain which reaction is non-spontaneous and justify your answer in terms of change in enthalpy and…

A: Given : reaction

Q: Consider the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g)2NH3(g) Using the standard thermodynamic data in the tables…

A: The question is this on the concept of thermodynamics. we have been given an equation. We have to…