Foundations of Earth Science (8th Edition)
Foundations of Earth Science (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134184814
Author: Frederick K. Lutgens, Edward J. Tarbuck, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
Question
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Chapter 10, Problem 1GST
To determine

The reason why the surface current such as the one shown in the accompanying map does not correctly coincide with the direction of the prevalent wind.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1GST

In addition to the prevalent winds that drive the surface currents, there is the influence of Coriolis effect on the currents. It is due to the impact of Coriolis effect that the surface currents get deflected from the direction of the prevalent wind.

Explanation of Solution

It is known that wind is the major driving factor of surface currents of the ocean. However, currents do not follow the exact direction of the prevailing winds rather they would be slightly deflected, just the way shown in the accompanying map.

The deflection of currents is because of the Earth’s Coriolis effect. The Earth’s rotation on its axis is responsible for Coriolis effect. The deflection from Coriolis effect is toward the right in the Northern hemisphere, while it is toward the left in the Southern hemisphere. Moreover, Coriolis effect rotates the ocean gyres in clockwise direction in the Northern hemisphere and in anticlockwise direction in the Southern hemisphere.

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