Structure, pressure, and temperature all have an effect on solubility. Discuss each of their effects. What is Henry’s law? Why does Henry’s law not work for HCl( g )? What do the terms hydrophobic and hydrophilic mean?

Interpretation: The factors such as structure, pressure and temperature on solubility has to be discussed. Henry law and the reason why Henry law does not work for Hydrochloric acid has to be explained. The terms hydrophobic and hydrophilic has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Henry’s law can be given as the quantity of gas dissolve in a solution is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solution.

Henry’s law gives the relationship between the pressure of the gas and the concentration of gas dissolved. The equation can be given as,

C=kP

where, C= Concentration of the gas dissolved

k=constant

P=Partial pressure of the solute in gaseous solute

To explain the effect of structure on solubility

The solute and solvent having similar polarities in order for formation of solution to occur are said to be structure effects. Hydrophobic solutes are generally nonpolar substance i.e. water – fearing and hydrophilic solutes are generally water loving such as polar or ionic substances.

To explain the effect of pressure on solubility

The solubility’s of solids or liquids has little effect on pressure and considerably influences the gas solubility.

The pressure of gas can be given by Henry’s law that states The quantity of gas dissolve in a solution is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solution. Henry’s law gives the relationship between the pressure of the gas and the concentration of gas dissolved. The equation can be given as,

C=kP

where, C = Concentration of the gas dissolved

k = constant

P = Partial pressure of the solute in gaseous solute

To explain the effect of Temperature:

The solubility of solid solute in water either increases or decreases with increase in temperature. The increase in temperature dissolves the solute rapidly. The amount of solute that is dissolved to form saturated solution either increases or decreases with temperature. The effect of temperature isn’t easy to predict the solubility of solid solutes