Concept introduction:
Morals are judgments, standards, and rules of good conduct in the society. They guide people toward permissible behavior with regard to basic values.
Debt to Equity Ratio:
Debt to equity ratio is calculated to determine the leverage position of the company. It compares the total liabilities of the company with it total shareholders’ equity. The debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing the Total Liabilities by Total
To indicate:
The action of the manager for change in the Debt to equity ratio.
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Cornerstones of Financial Accounting
- Valuation of Assets and Stock A friend has come to you for advice. He states that he owns several shares of stock in a corporation. He has examined the most recent balance sheet of the corporation and has found that the common stock issued and outstanding totals 40,000 shares, and the market price per share is 25 on the balance sheet date. He is sure that the balance sheet must be in error because, in his words, the total assets are 1,100,000 and this current value should be the same as the 1,000,000 total value of the outstanding common stock. Required: Explain to your friend how the values of the various assets of the corporation typically are measured and reported on its balance sheet, and how the value of the 1,100,000 total assets is determined. Continue the discussion by explaining to your friend why the values of the assets and the stock are not the same.arrow_forwardHanley Limited manufactures products that capture solar energy. The company plans to list its shares on the Venture Exchange. To do so, it must meet all of the following initial listing requirements (among others): Net tangible assets must be at least $500,000. Pre-tax earnings must be $50,000. The company must have adequate working capital. Hanley has experienced significant growth in sales and is having difficulty estimating its bad debt expense. During the year, the sales team has been extending credit more aggressively in order to increase their commission compensation. Under the percentage-of-receivables approach using past percentages, the estimate is $50,000. Hanley has performed an aging and estimates the bad debts at $57,000. Finally, using a percentage of sales, the expense is estimated at $67,000. Before booking the allowance, net tangible assets are approximately $550,000. The controller decides to accrue $50,000, which results in pre-tax earnings of $60,000.…arrow_forwardAl- Hind Hardware Ltd. is a recently started distribution company in Muscat. The management of the company mulls to improve their operational efficiency based on their previous year experience. The finance manager of Al- hind company is seeking your help in assessing the stock turnover ratio and debtor’s turnover ratio from the given financial data; Stock on 1-1-2020 was OMR 8,000, during the year 2020 the company made a total purchase of OMR 18,000 out of which OMR 3000 was on cash basis. Total sales of the company during the year 2020 is 35,000 of which 19,000 was on cash basis. Stock on 31-12-2020 is given as 6,000. The following are the other information extracted from the last year financial statements. Choose the correct Stock turn over ratio and Debtors turnover ratio from the following? Stock turnover ratio is 1.57 and Debtors turnover ratio is 2.57 Stock turnover ratio is 1.68 and Debtors turnover ratio is 2.57 Stock turnover ratio is 2.57 and…arrow_forward
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- You have just been hired as a financial analyst for Lydex Company, a manufacturer of safety helmets. Your boss has asked you to perform a comprehensive analysis of the company’s financial statements, including comparing Lydex’s performance to its major competitors. The company’s financial statements for the last two years are as follows: Lydex CompanyComparative Balance Sheet This Year Last Year Assets Current assets: Cash $ 890,000 $ 1,020,000 Marketable securities 0 300,000 Accounts receivable, net 2,420,000 1,520,000 Inventory 3,530,000 2,300,000 Prepaid expenses 240,000 180,000 Total current assets 7,080,000 5,320,000 Plant and equipment, net 9,380,000 8,980,000 Total assets $ 16,460,000 $ 14,300,000 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Liabilities: Current liabilities $ 3,960,000 $ 2,860,000 Note payable, 10% 3,620,000 3,020,000 Total liabilities 7,580,000 5,880,000 Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $70 par value…arrow_forwardYou have just been hired as a financial analyst for Lydex Company, a manufacturer of safety helmets. Your boss has asked you to perform a comprehensive analysis of the company’s financial statements, including comparing Lydex’s performance to its major competitors. The company’s financial statements for the last two years are as follows: Lydex CompanyComparative Balance Sheet This Year Last Year Assets Current assets: Cash $ 980,000 $ 1,220,000 Marketable securities 0 300,000 Accounts receivable, net 2,780,000 1,880,000 Inventory 3,620,000 2,200,000 Prepaid expenses 260,000 200,000 Total current assets 7,640,000 5,800,000 Plant and equipment, net 9,560,000 9,070,000 Total assets $ 17,200,000 $ 14,870,000 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Liabilities: Current liabilities $ 4,030,000 $ 3,020,000 Note payable, 10% 3,680,000 3,080,000 Total liabilities 7,710,000 6,100,000 Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $75 par value…arrow_forwardYou have just been hired as a financial analyst for Lydex Company, a manufacturer of safety helmets. Your boss has asked you to perform a comprehensive analysis of the company’s financial statements, including comparing Lydex’s performance to its major competitors. The company’s financial statements for the last two years are as follows: Lydex CompanyComparative Balance Sheet This Year Last Year Assets Current assets: Cash $ 960,000 $ 1,260,000 Marketable securities 0 300,000 Accounts receivable, net 2,700,000 1,800,000 Inventory 3,900,000 2,400,000 Prepaid expenses 240,000 180,000 Total current assets 7,800,000 5,940,000 Plant and equipment, net 9,300,000 8,940,000 Total assets $ 17,100,000 $ 14,880,000 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Liabilities: Current liabilities $ 3,900,000 $ 2,760,000 Note payable, 10% 3,600,000 3,000,000 Total liabilities 7,500,000 5,760,000 Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $78 par value…arrow_forward
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