Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences

3rd Edition

ISBN: 9780471198260

Author: Mary L. Boas

Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated

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Textbook Question

Chapter 10.10, Problem 14P

Using equations (10.20) to (10.23), write the gradient, divergence, and Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates and in spherical coordinates. Change covariant or contravariant components to physical components and compare with the formulas stated in Chapter 6, Sections 6 and 7.

System that uses coordinates to uniquely determine the position of points. The most common coordinate system is the Cartesian system, where points are given by distance along a horizontal x-axis and vertical y-axis from the origin. A polar coordinate system locates a point by its direction relative to a reference direction and its distance from a given point. In three dimensions, it leads to cylindrical and spherical coordinates.

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Chapter 10.10, Problem 13P

Chapter 10.10, Problem 15P

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Problem 11 (a) A tank is discharging water through an orifice at a depth of T meter below the surface of the water whose area is A m². The following are the values of a for the corresponding values of A: A 1.257 1.390 x 1.50 1.65 1.520 1.650 1.809 1.962 2.123 2.295 2.462|2.650 1.80 1.95 2.10 2.25 2.40 2.55 2.70 2.85 Using the formula -3.0 (0.018)T = dx. calculate T, the time in seconds for the level of the water to drop from 3.0 m to 1.5 m above the orifice. (b) The velocity of a train which starts from rest is given by the fol- lowing table, the time being reckoned in minutes from the start and the speed in km/hour: | † (minutes) |2|4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 v (km/hr) 16 28.8 40 46.4 51.2 32.0 17.6 8 3.2 0 Estimate approximately the total distance ran in 20 minutes.

- Let n = 7, let p = 23 and let S be the set of least positive residues mod p of the first (p − 1)/2 multiple of n, i.e. n mod p, 2n mod p, ..., p-1 2 -n mod p. Let T be the subset of S consisting of those residues which exceed p/2. Find the set T, and hence compute the Legendre symbol (7|23). 23 32 how come? The first 11 multiples of 7 reduced mod 23 are 7, 14, 21, 5, 12, 19, 3, 10, 17, 1, 8. The set T is the subset of these residues exceeding So T = {12, 14, 17, 19, 21}. By Gauss' lemma (Apostol Theorem 9.6), (7|23) = (−1)|T| = (−1)5 = −1.

Let n = 7, let p = 23 and let S be the set of least positive residues mod p of the first (p-1)/2 multiple of n, i.e. n mod p, 2n mod p, ..., 2 p-1 -n mod p. Let T be the subset of S consisting of those residues which exceed p/2. Find the set T, and hence compute the Legendre symbol (7|23). The first 11 multiples of 7 reduced mod 23 are 7, 14, 21, 5, 12, 19, 3, 10, 17, 1, 8. 23 The set T is the subset of these residues exceeding 2° So T = {12, 14, 17, 19, 21}. By Gauss' lemma (Apostol Theorem 9.6), (7|23) = (−1)|T| = (−1)5 = −1. how come?

Chapter 10 Solutions

Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences

Ch. 10.2 - Verify equations (2.6).Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 10.2 - Consider the matrix A in (2.7) or (2.10). Think of...Ch. 10.2 - Any rotation of axes in three dimensions can be...Ch. 10.2 - Write equations (2.12) out in detail and solve the...Ch. 10.2 - Write the transformation equation for a 3rd-rank...Ch. 10.2 - Following what we did in equations (2.14) to...Ch. 10.2 - Write the equations in (2.16) and so in (2.17)...Ch. 10.3 - Write equations (2.11,), (2.12), (2.13), (2.14),...Ch. 10.3 - Show that the fourth expression in (3.1) is equal...

Ch. 10.3 - As we did in (3.3), show that the contracted...Ch. 10.3 - Show that the contracted tensor TijkVk is a 2nd...Ch. 10.3 - Show that TijklmSlm is a tensor and find its rank...Ch. 10.3 - Show that the sum of two 3rd -rank tensors is a...Ch. 10.3 - As in problem 6, show that the sum of two 2nd...Ch. 10.3 - Show that (3.9) follows from (3.8). Hint: Give a...Ch. 10.3 - Prove the quotient rule in each of the following...Ch. 10.3 - Prove the quotient rule in each of the following...Ch. 10.3 - Prove the quotient rule in each of the following...Ch. 10.3 - Prove the quotient rule in each of the following...Ch. 10.3 - Show that the first parenthesis in (3.5) is a...Ch. 10.4 - As in (4.3) and (4.4), find the y and z components...Ch. 10.4 - Complete Example 4 to verify the rest of the...Ch. 10.4 - As in Problem 2, complete Example 5.Ch. 10.4 - Find the inertia tensor about the origin for a...Ch. 10.4 - For the mass distributions in Problems 5 to 7,...Ch. 10.4 - For the mass distributions in Problems 5 to 7,...Ch. 10.4 - For the mass distributions in Problems 5 to 7,...Ch. 10.4 - For the mass distributions in Problems 5 to 7,...Ch. 10.5 - Verify that (5.5) agrees with a Laplace...Ch. 10.5 - Verify for a few representative cases that (5.6)...Ch. 10.5 - Show that ijklm is an isotropic tensor of rank...Ch. 10.5 - Generalize Problem 3 to see that the direct...Ch. 10.5 - Let Tjkmn be the tensor in (5.8). This is a...Ch. 10.5 - Evaluate: (a) ijjkkmim (b) ijkjk (c) jk2k2j (d)...Ch. 10.5 - Write in terms of s as in (5.8) and (5.9): (a)...Ch. 10.5 - Show that the equations (5.10) are correct. Hints:...Ch. 10.5 - (a) Finish the work of showing that the cross...Ch. 10.5 - (a) Write the triple scalar product A(BC) in...Ch. 10.5 - Using problem 10, write A(BA) in tensor notation...Ch. 10.5 - Write and prove in tensor notation: (a) Chapter 6,...Ch. 10.5 - Write in tensor notation and prove the following...Ch. 10.5 - Show that the diagonal elements of an...Ch. 10.5 - Write a 4-by-4 antisymmetric matrix to show that...Ch. 10.5 - Verify that (5.16) gives (5.17). Also verify that...Ch. 10.5 - Write out the components of Tjk=AjBkAkBj to show...Ch. 10.6 - Show that in 2 dimension (say the x, y plane), an...Ch. 10.6 - In Chapter 3, we said that any 3-by-3 orthogonal...Ch. 10.6 - For Example 1, write out the components of U,V,...Ch. 10.6 - Do Example 1 and Problem 3 if the transformation...Ch. 10.6 - Write the tensor transformation equations for...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 6P Ch. 10.6 - Write the transformation equations for the triple...Ch. 10.6 - Write the transformation equations for WS to...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 10P Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 11P Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 12P Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 13P Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 14P Ch. 10.6 - In equation (5.12), find whether A(BC) is a vector...Ch. 10.6 - In equation (5.14), is (V) a vector or a...Ch. 10.6 - In equation (5.16), show that if Tjk is a tensor...Ch. 10.7 - Verify (7.1).Hints: In Figure 7.1, consider the...Ch. 10.7 - Write out the sums Pijej for each value of i and...Ch. 10.7 - Carry through the details of getting (7.4) from...Ch. 10.7 - Interpret the elements of the matrices in Chapter...Ch. 10.7 - Show by the quotient rule (Section 3) that Cijkm...Ch. 10.7 - If P and S are 2nd-rank tensors, show that 92=81...Ch. 10.7 - In (7.9) we have written the first row of elements...Ch. 10.7 - Do Problem 4.8 in tensor notation and compare the...Ch. 10.8 - Find ds2 in spherical coordinates by the method...Ch. 10.8 - Observe that a simpler way to find the velocity...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 3P Ch. 10.8 - In the text and problems so far, we have found the...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 5P Ch. 10.8 - As in Problem 1, find ds2, the scale factors, the...Ch. 10.8 - As in Problem 1, find ds2, the scale factors, the...Ch. 10.8 - As in Problem 1, find ds2, the scale factors, the...Ch. 10.8 - As in Problem 1, find ds2, the scale factors, the...Ch. 10.8 - Sketch or computer plot the coordinate surfaces in...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 11P Ch. 10.8 - Using the expression you have found for ds, and...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 13P Ch. 10.8 - Using the expression you have found for ds, and...Ch. 10.8 - Let x=u+v,y=v. Find ds, thea vectors, and ds2 for...Ch. 10.9 - Prove (9.4) in the following way. Using (9.2) with...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 2P Ch. 10.9 - Using cylindrical coordinates write the Lagrange...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 4P Ch. 10.9 - Write out U,V,2U, and V in spherical coordinates.Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 3 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 3 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 3 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 3 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 5 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 5 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 5 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Do Problem 5 for the coordinate systems indicated...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 14P Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 15P Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8), and (9.11) to evaluate...Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8), and (9.11) to evaluate...Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8), and (9.18) to evaluate...Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8) and (9.11) to evaluate...Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8), and (9.11) to evaluate...Ch. 10.9 - Use equations (9.2), (9.8), and (9.11) to evaluate...Ch. 10.10 - Verify equation (10.7). Hint: Use equations (2.4)...Ch. 10.10 - From (10.1) find /x=(1/r)coscos and show that...Ch. 10.10 - Divide equation (10.4) by dt to show that the...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 4P Ch. 10.10 - Write u in polar coordinates in terms of its...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 6P Ch. 10.10 - As in (10.12), write the transformation equations...Ch. 10.10 - Using (10.15) show that gij is a 2nd-rank...Ch. 10.10 - If Ui is a contravariant vector and Vj is a...Ch. 10.10 - Show that if Vi is a contravariant vector then...Ch. 10.10 - In (10.18), show by raising and lowering indices...Ch. 10.10 - Show that in a general coordinate system with...Ch. 10.10 - Verify (10.20).Ch. 10.10 - Using equations (10.20) to (10.23), write the...Ch. 10.10 - Do Problem 14 for an orthogonal coordinate system...Ch. 10.10 - Continue Problem 8.15 to find the gij matrix and...Ch. 10.10 - Repeat Problems 8.15 and 10.16 above for the (u,v)...Ch. 10.10 - Using (10.19), show that aiai=ji.Ch. 10.11 - Show that the transformation equation for a...Ch. 10.11 - Let e1,e2,e3 be a set of orthogonal unit vectors...Ch. 10.11 - In Chapter 3, Problem 6.6, you are asked to prove...Ch. 10.11 - If E= electric field and B= magnetic field, is EB...Ch. 10.11 - Do Problems 5 to 8 for the (u,v) coordinate system...Ch. 10.11 - Do Problems 5 to 8 for the (u,v) coordinate system...Ch. 10.11 - Do Problems 5 to 8 for the (u,v) coordinate system...Ch. 10.11 - Do Problems 5 to 8 for the (u,v) coordinate system...Ch. 10.11 - If u is a vector specifying the displacement under...Ch. 10.11 - Show that elements Rij of a rotation matrix are...Ch. 10.11 - Show that the nine quantities Tij=Vi/xj (which are...Ch. 10.11 - The square matrix in equation (10.3) is called the...Ch. 10.11 - In equation (10.13) let the x variables be...

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